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CBSE Class 10 English Sample Paper 2025-26 Solved

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EnglishCBSE Class 10 · Sample paper, session 2025-26

CBSE Class 10 English: sample paper 2025-26

The sample question paper CBSE published for the 2025-26 session, as printed: 11 questions for 80 marks, in sections, with each OR choice shown as an alternative. Try each question first, then open our solution.

Every question here has our step-by-step solution, split into the steps that earn marks. Each one was checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

Source: official sample question paper from cbseacademic.nic.in: https://cbseacademic.nic.in/web_material/SQP/ClassX_2025_26/EnglishL-SQP.pdf. Questions are transcribed from that PDF; figures are described in words, so check the official paper for them.

Practise a paper like this, timedMy board paper sets a full paper in this exact format from real board questions, with a timer.Get your written answers markedThe Answer Coach marks a photo of your handwritten answer step by step, like the examiner.

How the paper is set

SectionQuestionsWhat it has
A1-2Reading Skills (20 marks); Q1 and Q2 are passage-based, 10 marks each
B3-5Grammar and Writing Skills (20 marks): Q3 Grammar (10 marks, any ten of twelve); Q4 and Q5 Writing (5 marks each, with OR)
D6-11Literature Textbook (40 marks), printed as SECTION D; the General Instructions refer to Section C

Instructions in brief: All 11 questions are compulsory with internal choices (OR) in Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, Q10 and Q11; Q3 requires any ten of twelve; Q8 requires any four of five; Q9 requires any two of three.

Section A

Reading Skills (20 marks); Q1 and Q2 are passage-based, 10 marks each

  1. Q1 · 10 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedReading (unseen passages)

    Read the following passage.

    1 The growing preference for indigenous craft items is a welcome trend in today’s globalised world, where mass-produced goods often dominate markets. These handcrafted products, rooted in the cultural and artistic traditions of their regions, offer more than just aesthetic appeal. They symbolise sustainability, support local economies, and preserve the heritage of diverse communities.

    2 One of the primary reasons for choosing indigenous crafts is their eco-friendliness. Unlike factory-made products, most traditional crafts are created using natural, locally sourced materials. Artisans often employ time-tested methods that minimise waste and avoid harmful industrial processes. For example, pottery made from local clay, handwoven textiles using organic dyes, and bamboo-based crafts all have a much lower environmental footprint compared to their machine-made counterparts. By opting for these items, consumers indirectly contribute to reducing pollution and promoting sustainable practices.

    3 Supporting indigenous crafts also strengthens local economies. Many artisans depend solely on their craft for livelihood, often working in small communities where opportunities for other forms of employment are limited. When people purchase their products, it provides a direct income to these artisans, empowering them and encouraging their craftsmanship. Initiatives like fair trade further ensure that artisans receive fair wages, fostering economic stability within their communities.

    4 Moreover, indigenous craft items help preserve cultural heritage. Every handcrafted product carries a story—a glimpse into the traditions, beliefs, and skills passed down through generations. In India, whether it’s paintings, terracotta jewellery, sculptures, athangudi tiles, mud work frames or many others, each item reflects the unique identity of its region. By choosing these crafts, people not only appreciate the artistry but also help keep these traditions alive in an era where cultural homogenisation threatens diversity.

    5 In addition to their economic and cultural value, indigenous crafts add a personal touch to homes and wardrobes. Unlike mass-produced items, which often lack individuality, handcrafted products are unique. Each piece bears the imprint of the artisan’s effort, creativity, and dedication, making it special for the buyer.

    6 However, the preference for indigenous crafts requires sustained efforts to thrive. Governments, organisations, and consumers all have roles to play. Policies that promote local craftsmanship, provide training to artisans, and create global platforms for showcasing their work can boost the visibility and demand for these products. Consumers, too, must actively seek out and invest in handmade crafts rather than opting for cheaper, factory-made alternatives. Choosing indigenous craft items is a meaningful step toward a more sustainable and culturally enriched world.

    Created for academic usage / 403 words

    Answer the following questions, based on the passage above.

    1. I

      Why is the growing preference for indigenous craft items described as a ‘welcome trend’ in paragraph 1?

      1 mark
    2. II

      According to paragraph 1, the indigenous craft items have all of the following qualities EXCEPT being:

      1. (A)handcrafted products
      2. (B)rooted in artistic traditions
      3. (C)aesthetic in appeal
      4. (D)easily accessible
      1 mark
    3. III

      Complete the following by selecting the correct option from those given in the brackets. The usage of locally sourced materials makes the indigenous crafts ________ (traditional / eco-friendly). (Paragraph 2)

      1. (a)traditional
      2. (b)eco-friendly
      1 mark
    4. IV

      Select the option that is True from (a)-(c) given for what the phrase, ‘time-tested methods’ suggests in paragraph 2.

      1. (A)Artisans use traditional techniques that have been refined and proven effective over generations
      2. (B)Artisans use outdated practices that are no longer relevant in today's commercial markets.
      3. (C)Artisans follow techniques that prioritise speed and mass production over craftsmanship.
      1 mark
    5. V

      Complete the analogy by selecting one of the two correct options (a), (b). fair trade: fair wages:: _______ : _______ (Paragraph 3)

      1. (a)employment: job security
      2. (b)mass production : reduced prices
      1 mark
    6. VII

      What are the main ideas of paragraph 4 and paragraph 5? i) Choosing indigenous crafts helps preserve cultural heritage ii) Handcrafted products lack individuality. iii) Indigenous crafts reflect the artisan’s creativity. iv) Indigenous crafts promote uniformity by erasing regional differences in artistic traditions. v) Cultural homogenisation encourages people to choose indigenous crafts over mass-produced goods. Select the correct option. Options: A. Main idea of paragraph 4: ii; Main idea of paragraph 5: iv. B. Main idea of paragraph 4: v; Main idea of paragraph 5: ii. C. Main idea of paragraph 4: i; Main idea of paragraph 5: iii. D. Main idea of paragraph 4: iv; Main idea of paragraph 5: ii.

      1. (A)ii / iv
      2. (B)v / ii
      3. (C)i / iii
      4. (D)iv / ii
      1 mark
    7. VIII

      Why is it important for consumers to take an active role alongside government and organisations in sustaining indigenous crafts? (Paragraph 6)

      2 marks
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (I) It is a welcome trend because it counters the dominance of mass-produced goods, supports sustainability and helps preserve the cultural and artistic traditions of communities.

      1 mark

    2. (II) Paragraph 1 calls the crafts handcrafted, rooted in artistic traditions and aesthetic. Nothing is said about easy accessibility, so the answer is D.

      1 mark

    3. (III) Natural, locally sourced materials reduce the environmental footprint, so the crafts are eco-friendly.

      1 mark

    4. (IV) 'Time-tested methods' means traditional techniques refined and proven effective over generations. This is option A.

      1 mark

    5. (V) Fair trade gives fair wages in the same way that employment gives job security. Both relationships centre on fairness and stability, so the answer is (a).

      1 mark

    6. (VI) Buying indigenous crafts gives artisans a stable, direct income. This lets them sustain their livelihoods and continue their craft. It also eases economic hardship where other jobs are scarce, creating a cycle of growth in small communities.

      2 marks

    7. (VII) Paragraph 4 is about preserving cultural heritage (i). Paragraph 5 is about the uniqueness and creativity in each handmade piece (iii). The answer is C.

      1 mark

    8. (VIII) Policies and platforms from governments and organisations cannot help artisans unless consumers create demand. Consumers' choices decide the visibility and survival of handmade crafts. Their active buying builds a sustainable market and keeps cultural heritage alive.

      2 marks

    Answer: (I) Counters mass production, supports sustainability, preserves heritage; (II) D; (III) eco-friendly; (IV) A; (V) (a) employment : job security; (VI) stable income empowers artisans and sustains communities; (VII) C; (VIII) consumer demand makes policy efforts effective

    Where the marks are

    • I: any valid reason for 'welcome trend' (1 mark)
    • II: D (1 mark)
    • III: eco-friendly (1 mark)
    • IV: A (1 mark)
    • V: (a) employment : job security (1 mark)
    • VI: stable income, sustained livelihood, growth in small communities (2 marks)
    • VII: C (1 mark)
    • VIII: consumer demand is essential for visibility, survival and a sustainable market (2 marks)

    Open Q1 on its own page

  2. Q2 · 10 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedReading (unseen passages)

    Read the following passage.

    1 A recent study conducted across two age groups—students aged 10–12 and 13–16—explored their preferences for ballpoint and micro-tip pens for various writing activities such as note-taking, examinations, and personal writing. The study aimed to understand trends in writing habits and the factors influencing pen selection among students.

    2 The results revealed distinct patterns based on age groups and writing purposes. Among students aged 10–12, 65% preferred ballpoint pens for note-taking, citing ease of use and affordability as key factors. However, 35% opted for micro-tip pens, valuing their precision and smooth writing. For examinations, ballpoint pens were the overwhelming choice, with 78% favouring them for their speed and reliability, while 22% stuck with micro-tip pens, appreciating their fine control.

    3 In the 13–16 age group, preferences shifted slightly. For note-taking, 60% favoured micro-tip pens, highlighting their ability to produce neat, legible notes, while 40% continued to use ballpoint pens. During examinations, however, 70% still relied on ballpoint pens, indicating their consistency under time constraints. When it came to personal writing, such as journalling or creative tasks, 58% in this group chose micro-tip pens, appreciating the aesthetic appeal of finer lines, while 42% stuck with ballpoint pens for their convenience.

    4 These findings point to the importance of understanding age-specific preferences and task requirements, enabling manufacturers to innovate products. Manufacturers could further explore incorporating hybrid features, such as pens offering the speed of ballpoint pens with the precision of micro-tip pens, to cater to a wider range of student preferences.

    Created for academic usage / 250 words

    Answer the following questions, based on the passage above.

    1. I

      Why did the study most likely focus on the two specific age groups of 10–12 and 13–16? (Paragraph 1) This is so because these age groups ____. A. represent the largest population of growing students. B. are when students develop and refine their writing habits. C. were the easiest to survey across various schools. D. have a natural preference for ballpoint pens.

      1. (A)represent the largest population of growing students.
      2. (B)are when students develop and refine their writing habits.
      3. (C)were the easiest to survey across various schools.
      4. (D)have a natural preference for ballpoint pens.
      1 mark
    2. II

      Identify the phrase in paragraph 1 that conveys the writer's reference to the patterns or preferences observed in how students use pens for various writing tasks.

      1 mark
    3. III

      Complete the following by selecting the correct option from those given in the brackets. (Paragraph 2) Geetha, aged 11, wishes to complete her practical file neatly, ensuring her work is legible and appealing. She is most likely to choose a micro-tip pen for this task because the ________ (speed / precision) offered by this type of pen helps produce tidy work.

      1. (a)speed
      2. (b)precision
      1 mark
    4. IV

      What does the writer mean by ‘affordability’ while citing the high percentage of ball point pen usage? (Paragraph 2)

      1 mark
    5. V

      Complete the following with the correct option. When the writer says ‘distinct patterns’ in the line ‘The results revealed distinct patterns based on age groups and writing purposes,’ of paragraph 3, s/he means that _______.

      1. (A)students in both age groups use pens in the same way for all the listed purposes.
      2. (B)the preferences for pens varied according to the students' age and the type of writing task.
      3. (C)only micro-tip pens were popular across all writing tasks in the 13-16 age group.
      4. (D)students of all age groups preferred ballpoint pens for completing creative writing tasks.
      1 mark
    6. VII

      How are ‘aesthetic appeal’ and ‘finer lines’ connected? (Paragraph 3)

      1 mark
    7. VIII

      Elaborate how hybrid features in pens would lead to a commercially viable product. (Paragraph 4)

      2 marks
    8. IX

      Fill in the blank with ONE suitable word. (Paragraph 4) Understanding age-specific preferences helps manufacturers design products that cater to the unique needs of different age groups, ensuring their products are both ________ as well as appealing.

      1 mark
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (I) B. These ages are when students develop and refine their writing habits, so preferences are likely to change across them.

      1 mark

    2. (II) 'trends in writing habits'

      1 mark

    3. (III) precision. Micro-tip pens give precise, neat and legible writing.

      1 mark

    4. (IV) 'Affordability' means ballpoint pens cost less than micro-tip pens, so they are budget-friendly and accessible to students.

      1 mark

    5. (V) B. 'Distinct patterns' means preferences varied with students' age and the type of writing task.

      1 mark

    6. (VI) Ballpoints are less likely to smudge or dry out quickly, and they are cheaper than micro-tips.

      1 mark

    7. (VII) Finer lines make writing look neat, elegant and visually pleasing, and this is the aesthetic appeal.

      1 mark

    8. (VIII) A hybrid pen combines the speed and reliability of a ballpoint with the precision and look of a micro-tip. It would suit students of different ages and tasks, so it would reach a wider market. It would also meet the growing demand for versatile tools, which supports sales.

      2 marks

    9. (IX) functional

      1 mark

    Answer: (I) B; (II) trends in writing habits; (III) precision; (IV) lower cost, budget-friendly; (V) B; (VI) less smudging / more affordable; (VII) finer lines create neat, elegant writing; (VIII) wider appeal means commercial success; (IX) functional

    Where the marks are

    • I: B (1 mark)
    • II: 'trends in writing habits' (1 mark)
    • III: precision (1 mark)
    • IV: lower cost than micro-tip pens (1 mark)
    • V: B (1 mark)
    • VI: one valid advantage of ballpoints (1 mark)
    • VII: finer lines make neat, pleasing writing (1 mark)
    • VIII: combines features, broader demographic, demand for versatility (2 marks)
    • IX: functional/useful (1 mark)

    Open Q2 on its own page

Section B

Grammar and Writing Skills (20 marks): Q3 Grammar (10 marks, any ten of twelve); Q4 and Q5 Writing (5 marks each, with OR)

  1. Q3 · 10 marks · GrammarGrammar

    Complete any ten of twelve of the following tasks, as directed.

    1. I

      Fill in the blank by using the correct form of the word in the bracket for the given portion of a market research: The special subscriptions of newspapers are well _____(illustrate), to make reading interesting for school students.

      1 mark
    2. II

      Identify the error and write the correction in the given sentence from a life skills’ book. The road to success is not the bed of roses. Use the given format. Error | Correction (blank table)

      1 mark
    3. III

      Fill in the blank with the correct form of verb given in the brackets. I’m so happy to see my plants again! They _____ (grow) so much since I last saw them.

      1 mark
    4. IV

      Read the given statement. They said to the guide, “We’d love to come here again next year.” Report it correctly by completing the following. They told the guide that _____.

      1 mark
    5. V

      Fill in the blank by choosing the correct option to complete the conclusion of a letter of placing order. There would be no compromise _________the quality of items supplied.

      1. (A)regards
      2. (B)regard
      3. (C)regardless
      4. (D)regarding
      1 mark
    6. VII

      Complete the given opinion by filling the blank with correct option. The experience of watching the movie left me _____ grateful for knowing the importance of being empathetic to others.

      1. (A)having felt
      2. (B)feeling
      3. (C)felt
      4. (D)feels
      1 mark
    7. VIII

      The given question has an error. Select the option that correctly identifies the error and the correction. Which kind of person does something like that? No. | Error | Correction: A. Which | What; B. kind | kinds; C. something | somethings; D. that | this

      1. (A)Which / What
      2. (B)kind / kinds
      3. (C)something / somethings
      4. (D)that / this
      1 mark
    8. IX

      Report the following question. She said to her sister, “Are you joining us for lunch today?”

      1 mark
    9. X

      Fill in the blank with the correct option from those given in the brackets. Everyone is saying that Farhana’s chances are bright in the upcoming tournament and she ______ (must / may) become the youngest football player ever.

      1 mark
    10. XI

      Fill in the blank to complete the sentence in a teacher’s diary by choosing the correct option. _____ student in the class submitted their assignment on time.

      1. (A)All
      2. (B)One
      3. (C)Every
      4. (D)A
      1 mark
    11. XII

      Choose the correct option to fill the blank. I looked inside the bucket and saw there was ______water in it, so they had to add more to use.

      1. (A)little
      2. (B)any
      3. (C)few
      4. (D)least
      1 mark
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. I. illustrated (past participle after 'are well')

      1 mark

    2. II. Error: the; Correction: a ('a bed of roses' is the idiom)

      1 mark

    3. III. have grown (present perfect, 'since I last saw them')

      1 mark

    4. IV. they would love to go there again the following year (reported speech changes tense, place and time)

      1 mark

    5. V. D. regarding ('compromise regarding quality')

      1 mark

    6. VI. The question has no sub-part VI in the paper.

    7. VII. B. feeling

      1 mark

    8. VIII. A. Error: Which; Correction: What ('What kind of person')

      1 mark

    9. IX. She asked her sister if she was joining them for lunch that day.

      1 mark

    10. X. may (a possibility, not a necessity)

      1 mark

    11. XI. C. Every ('Every student' with a singular noun)

      1 mark

    12. XII. A. little (water is uncountable, and 'little' fits the sense of not enough)

      1 mark

    Answer: I illustrated; II the → a; III have grown; IV they would love to go there again the following year; V D; VII B; VIII A; IX She asked her sister if she was joining them for lunch that day; X may; XI C; XII A

    Where the marks are

    • Any ten correct sub-parts at 1 mark each (10 marks)

    Open Q3 on its own page

  2. Answer one of these 2 alternatives.

    Q4(a) · 5 marks · WritingCompetency-basedWriting Skills

    As Vaibhav, the Club in-charge of your school’s Ecology Club, you strongly believe in the importance of starting Eco-Clubs in schools in the rural areas surrounding your city to promote the preservation and conservation of nature. Write a letter to the Education Secretary of your city, in about 120 words, highlighting the significance of ecological awareness and suggesting the need to establish Eco-Clubs in these schools.

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Format: sender's address and date; receiver's designation and address; subject line 'Request to establish Eco-Clubs in rural schools'; salutation 'Respected Sir/Madam'; complimentary close 'Yours faithfully, Vaibhav'.

      1 mark

    2. Body (about 120 words):

      I am Vaibhav, in-charge of the Ecology Club of our school. I write to stress the importance of ecological awareness and to propose Eco-Clubs in the rural schools around our city.

      Ecological awareness protects natural resources and builds responsible habits in children early. Deforestation, pollution and loss of biodiversity need collective action.

      Eco-Clubs in rural schools would involve students in tree plantations, cleanliness drives and awareness campaigns. They would also shape environmentally conscious citizens.

      I request the Education Department to give resources, funding and guidance to set up and run these clubs. Collaboration with NGOs and environmental organisations would add strength.

      I hope you will consider this proposal favourably.

      Yours faithfully,
      Vaibhav

      4 marks

    Answer: Formal letter to the Education Secretary proposing Eco-Clubs in rural schools, within about 120 words

    Where the marks are

    • Correct format: addresses, subject, salutation, close (1 mark)
    • Content: importance of ecological awareness and the Eco-Club proposal with activities (2 marks)
    • Organisation of ideas (1 mark)
    • Accuracy of language (1 mark)

    Open Q4(a) on its own page

    OR

    Q4(b) · 5 marks · WritingCompetency-basedWriting Skills

    As Amitha, the Vice Head Girl of Vidya Mandir, you are aware of the increasing prevalence of cyber-attacks and unauthorised exploitation of systems, networks, and technologies affecting individuals across all demographics. Write a letter to the editor of a national daily in about 120 words, stressing the urgent need to promote digital security among all age groups. Highlight the challenges posed by cyber threats and propose practical solutions to address this growing issue.

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Format: sender's address and date; 'The Editor', name of the daily and address; subject 'Need to promote digital security'; salutation 'Sir/Madam'; close 'Yours faithfully, Amitha, Vice Head Girl, Vidya Mandir'.

      1 mark

    2. Body (about 120 words):

      Through your esteemed daily, I wish to draw attention to the rising cyber-attacks affecting people of all ages.

      Identity theft, financial fraud and data breaches are common. Children, the elderly and untrained users are especially vulnerable to phishing, malware and online predators, and ignorance makes the damage worse.

      We must urgently promote digital hygiene. Digital literacy programmes for all age groups, and workshops, webinars and campaigns on strong passwords, spotting scams and safe browsing, would help. Schools, workplaces and communities should take part, and authorities must enforce stricter cybersecurity policies.

      I urge readers, organisations and the government to act together.

      Yours faithfully,
      Amitha

      4 marks

    Answer: Formal letter to the editor on the urgent need for digital security awareness, challenges and solutions, within about 120 words

    Where the marks are

    • Correct letter format (1 mark)
    • Content: threats, vulnerability and practical solutions (2 marks)
    • Organisation of ideas (1 mark)
    • Accuracy of language (1 mark)

    Open Q4(b) on its own page

  3. Answer one of these 2 alternatives.

    Q5(a) · 5 marks · WritingCompetency-basedWriting Skills

    You are the President of the Debate Society in your school. Two guest speakers—Mr. Rajan Sharma and Ms. Meera Kapoor, have written to express their interest in participating in your upcoming debate competition. Below are excerpts from their letters.

    Excerpt 1: ...I am thrilled to express my interest in participating as a guest speaker at your school's debate competition. With over 10 years of experience as a public speaker and debate coach, I have guided numerous students to success in national-level competitions. My approach focuses on encouraging critical thinking and fostering a passion for debating. I have previously spoken at various schools and universities, often receiving positive feedback for my engaging sessions and practical insights. I believe my experience and knowledge can inspire and empower your students to excel in debating. Best regards, Mr. Rajan Sharma

    Excerpt 2: ...It would be a privilege to participate as a guest speaker at your school's upcoming debate competition. I have participated in international debate forums and have won accolades for my arguments on global and social issues. My strength lies in connecting with young audiences and making debates relevant to real-world scenarios. I also emphasise how debating can improve public speaking, confidence, and interpersonal skills. I look forward to sharing my journey and experiences with your students to inspire them to use debating as a tool for personal growth. Yours sincerely, Ms. Meera Kapoor

    Analyse the information in a paragraph, justifying which guest speaker would be a better choice. Consider factors such as experience, relevance to the topic, and audience engagement.

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Model analytical paragraph:

      Between the two speakers, Ms. Meera Kapoor is the better choice for our debate competition. Both are experienced, but her international accolades and her focus on global and social issues give her an edge. She connects debating with real-world scenarios, which will interest high school students and widen their outlook. Mr. Sharma has over ten years of coaching experience, yet his approach seems to concentrate on technique rather than inspiring students with relevant examples. Ms. Kapoor also shows how debating builds confidence, public speaking and personal growth, which meets students' developmental needs. Her global exposure and relatability would engage the audience and inspire them more effectively.

      5 marks

    Answer: Ms. Meera Kapoor is the better guest speaker (another well-justified choice, such as Mr. Sharma, is also acceptable)

    Where the marks are

    • Clear choice with justification based on experience, relevance and audience engagement (2 marks)
    • Contrasts the chosen speaker with the other (included in content)
    • Logical organisation (2 marks)
    • Accuracy (1 mark)

    Open Q5(a) on its own page

    OR

    Q5(b) · 5 marks · WritingCompetency-basedWriting Skills

    Jaspreet, class X, is known for her creativity, excellent communication skills, and ability to think outside the box. However, she sometimes struggles with time management and prefers collaborative efforts over working solo. She has been assigned an art-integrated project presentation and must choose a partner from Sunaina, Tabassum, and Alice. Below are the profiles of the three candidates.

    Sunaina: Sunaina is highly disciplined and excels in meeting deadlines. She is known for her strong organisational skills and ability to handle multiple tasks efficiently. However, she is slightly reserved and prefers working in structured, predictable environments.

    Tabassum: Tabassum is enthusiastic and spontaneous, with a talent for generating unique ideas. She is an excellent artist and thrives in creative settings. However, she occasionally struggles to stay focused on tasks and complete them on time.

    Alice: Alice is confident and articulate, with a flair for delivering polished presentations. She is detail-oriented and ensures that the final product is of high quality. However, she sometimes prefers to take control and may overlook collaborative efforts.

    Based on the features of each candidate, analyse and decide who would be the best partner for Jaspreet. Consider aspects such as complementary strengths, teamwork, and the project's requirements.

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Model analytical paragraph:

      Sunaina is the most suitable partner for Jaspreet. Jaspreet is creative and communicates well, but she struggles with time management, so she needs someone who balances this. Sunaina's discipline, organisation and respect for deadlines would keep the project on schedule. Her reserved, structured nature fits well with Jaspreet's collaborative style, because Jaspreet can lead the brainstorming and presentation while Sunaina keeps the work on track. Tabassum is highly creative, but her lack of focus could worsen Jaspreet's time problems. Alice presents well, but her tendency to take control may clash with Jaspreet's preference for teamwork. Sunaina's strengths therefore complement Jaspreet's best.

      5 marks

    Answer: Sunaina is the best partner (Tabassum or Alice is also acceptable with sound reasoning)

    Where the marks are

    • Clear choice justified by complementary strengths (2 marks)
    • Comparison with the other candidates (within content)
    • Logical organisation (2 marks)
    • Accuracy (1 mark)

    Open Q5(b) on its own page

Section D

Literature Textbook (40 marks), printed as SECTION D; the General Instructions refer to Section C

  1. Answer one of these 2 alternatives.

    Q6(a) · 5 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedTwo Stories about Flying

    Read the given extract A and answer the questions.

    A. He just felt a bit dizzy Then he flapped his wings once and he soared upwards. “Ga, ga, ga, Ga, ga, ga, Gaw-col-ah,” his mother swooped past him, her wings making a loud noise. He answered her with another scream. Then his father flew over him screaming. He saw his two brothers and his sister flying around him curvetting and banking and soaring and diving. Then he completely forgot that he had not always been able to fly, and commended himself to dive and soar and curve, shrieking shrilly.
    (Two Stories About Flying - First Flight)

    1. I

      Contradict the view that the young seagull celebrated his maiden flight alone.

      2 marks
    2. II

      Which of the following statements best explains the young seagull’s experience as he starts flying? a) The young seagull immediately mastered flying and was no longer afraid. b) The young seagull gradually gained confidence and joined his family in the air.

      1. (a)The young seagull immediately mastered flying and was no longer afraid.
      2. (b)The young seagull gradually gained confidence and joined his family in the air.
      1 mark
    3. III

      What can be inferred about the young seagull’s emotional state after flying with his family?

      1 mark
    4. IV

      Read the following sound and movement words: i) flapped ii) shrieking iii) swooped iv) soared v) screaming. Select the option that correctly categorises (i) –(v) into sound and movement words. A. Sound: i, ii, v; Movement: iii, iv. B. Sound: iv, v; Movement: i, ii, iii. C. Sound: ii, v; Movement: i, iii, iv. D. Sound: v; Movement: i, ii, iii, iv.

      1. (A)Sound: i, ii, v; Movement: iii, iv
      2. (B)Sound: iv, v; Movement: i, ii, iii
      3. (C)Sound: ii, v; Movement: i, iii, iv
      4. (D)Sound: v; Movement: i, ii, iii, iv
      1 mark
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (I) The seagull did not celebrate alone. His mother swooped past him and his father flew over him, screaming encouragement. His brothers and sister flew around him, so the victory was shared with the whole family.

      2 marks

    2. (II) (b). He first felt dizzy, then flapped his wings and gradually gained confidence and joined his family.

      1 mark

    3. (III) He feels accomplished and thrilled. He forgets his earlier fear and enjoys soaring and diving with his family.

      1 mark

    4. (IV) C. Sound words: shrieking, screaming. Movement words: flapped, swooped, soared.

      1 mark

    Answer: (I) His parents and siblings flew with him; (II) b; (III) accomplished, excited, fearless; (IV) C

    Where the marks are

    • I: parents and siblings encouraging and flying around him, a shared victory (2 marks)
    • II: b (1 mark)
    • III: sense of accomplishment and excitement (1 mark)
    • IV: C (1 mark)

    Open Q6(a) on its own page

    OR

    Q6(b) · 5 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedThe Book that Saved the Earth

    Read the given extract B and answer the questions.

    B. Historian: ...You haven’t heard about the Martian invasion of 2040? Tsk, tsk. What do they teach children nowadays? Well, you know, the invasion never really happened, because a single book stopped it. What was the book, you ask? A noble encyclopaedia? A tome about rockets and missiles? A secret file from outer space? No, it was none of those. It was — but here, let me turn on the historiscope and show you what happened many centuries ago, in 2040. (She turns on projector, and points it left. Spotlight on Historian goes out...)
    (The Book That saved the Earth)

    1. I

      What does the pause indicated by the dash in the line ‘It was — but here, let me turn on the historiscope and show you’ convey? i) a sense of impatience and frustration ii) a point of suspense and anticipation iii) a moment of confusion and hesitation iv) a sudden shift to lightheartedness v) a reflective moment of deep thought. A. i, ii, v B. Only ii C. iii and iv D. Only v

      1. (A)i, ii, v
      2. (B)Only ii
      3. (C)iii and iv
      4. (D)Only v
      1 mark
    2. II

      How do the stage directions, such as ‘Historian turns on projector’ and ‘Spotlight on Historian goes out,’ contribute to the atmosphere and understanding of the scene in this part of the play?

      2 marks
    3. III

      Select the option that correctly completes the following. The Historian dismisses the noble encyclopaedia and rockets because she wants to _____ a) convey the importance of scientific knowledge and military power in stopping the invasion. b) stress the surprising and unexpected nature of the book that stopped the invasion.

      1. (a)convey the importance of scientific knowledge and military power in stopping the invasion.
      2. (b)stress the surprising and unexpected nature of the book that stopped the invasion.
      1 mark
    4. IV

      What emotion is the Historian most likely conveying with the phrase ‘Tsk, tsk’?

      1 mark
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (I) B. The dash creates a pause that builds suspense and anticipation before the revelation.

      1 mark

    2. (II) Turning on the projector signals a shift from narration to visual storytelling. The spotlight going out on the Historian moves attention to the next scene or characters. Together they heighten suspense, guide the audience's attention and set the pace of the play.

      2 marks

    3. (III) (b). She dismisses the obvious options to stress that the book was surprising and unexpected.

      1 mark

    4. (IV) Disappointment or disapproval, because the listener does not know about the invasion.

      1 mark

    Answer: (I) B; (II) stage directions shift focus and build suspense; (III) b; (IV) disapproval/disappointment

    Where the marks are

    • I: B (1 mark)
    • II: transition to visual storytelling, shift of focus, suspense and pacing (2 marks)
    • III: b (1 mark)
    • IV: disappointment/disapproval (1 mark)

    Open Q6(b) on its own page

  2. Answer one of these 2 alternatives.

    Q7(a) · 5 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedThe Ball Poem

    Read the given extract A and answer the questions.

    A. He is learning, well behind his desperate eyes,
    The epistemology of loss, how to stand up
    Knowing what every man must one day know
    And most know many days, how to stand up.
    (The Ball Poem)

    1. I

      What emotions are most appropriately conveyed by the phrase ‘desperate eyes’ and ‘epistemology of loss’? i) despair ii) anger iii) frustration iv) confusion v) helplessness. Select the correct option. A. i, iii B. i, iv, v C. ii, iii, iv D. iv, v

      1. (A)i, iii
      2. (B)i, iv, v
      3. (C)ii, iii, iv
      4. (D)iv, v
      1 mark
    2. II

      What does the phrase ‘how to stand up’ suggest about the boy’s emotional growth?

      2 marks
    3. III

      Which phrase from the extract conveys the poet's idea that loss is universal?

      1 mark
    4. IV

      Fill in the blank with a phrase to suitably complete the sentence. The loss of his ball symbolises _______ in life.

      1 mark
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (I) Option B (i, iv, v). 'Desperate eyes' shows despair and helplessness, and 'epistemology of loss' shows the boy's confusion as he tries to understand loss. Anger and frustration do not fit, because he is accepting the loss rather than resisting it.

      1 mark

    2. (II) 'How to stand up' shows the boy learning to face the pain of loss and cope with it. It marks his emotional growth, because he begins to accept that grief is part of life and that he must recover and go on.

      2 marks

    3. (III) 'Most know' (from 'And most know many days'). It shows that loss is a universal experience.

      1 mark

    4. (IV) The loss of his ball symbolises the inevitable hardships / the first encounter with grief in life.

      1 mark

    Answer: (I) B; (II) learning to face and cope with loss, which shows emotional growth; (III) 'most know'; (IV) the inevitable hardships / first encounter with grief

    Where the marks are

    • Chooses option B, i, iv, v (1 mark)
    • Explains that 'how to stand up' means learning to confront and cope with loss (1 mark)
    • Links it to emotional growth, acceptance and recovery (1 mark)
    • Identifies 'most know' (1 mark)
    • Completes the blank with 'the inevitable hardships' or an equivalent (1 mark)

    Open Q7(a) on its own page

    OR

    Q7(b) · 5 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedHow to Tell Wild Animals

    Read the given extract B and answer the questions.

    B. Or if some time when roaming round,
    A noble wild beast greets you,
    With black stripes on a yellow ground,
    Just notice if he eats you.
    This simple rule may help you learn
    The Bengal Tiger to discern.
    (How to tell Wild Animals)

    1. I

      What does the poet imply by referring to the Bengal Tiger as a ‘noble wild beast’? A. The tiger is majestic and dignified despite its ferocity. B. The tiger is kind and considerate toward humans. C. The tiger has a royal lineage and should be revered. D. The tiger is a symbol of fear and destruction.

      1. (A)The tiger is majestic and dignified despite its ferocity.
      2. (B)The tiger is kind and considerate toward humans.
      3. (C)The tiger has a royal lineage and should be revered.
      4. (D)The tiger is a symbol of fear and destruction.
      1 mark
    2. II

      Complete the following suitably. The word ‘ground’ in the line ‘With black stripes on a yellow ground’ refers to _____.

      1 mark
    3. III

      How does the poet use humour in the description of the Bengal Tiger?

      2 marks
    4. IV

      Identify the phrase in the poem that is advisory in nature.

      1 mark
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (I) Option A. 'Noble' suggests the tiger is majestic and dignified even though it is ferocious.

      1 mark

    2. (II) The word 'ground' refers to the background colour of the tiger's coat, which is yellow.

      1 mark

    3. (III) The poet makes light of the tiger's danger. Calling it 'noble' and then advising 'notice if he eats you' as the test of identity is ironic. This playful contradiction makes its ferocity amusing rather than frightening.

      2 marks

    4. (IV) 'This simple rule may help you learn' is advisory, because it offers a guideline in a playful tone.

      1 mark

    Answer: (I) A; (II) the background colour of the tiger's coat, which is yellow; (III) humour through irony, treating the tiger's danger lightly; (IV) 'This simple rule may help you learn'

    Where the marks are

    • Chooses option A (1 mark)
    • Says 'ground' means the yellow background colour of the coat (1 mark)
    • Explains the humour through the irony of 'noble' beside being eaten (1 mark)
    • Says this makes the danger light-hearted (1 mark)
    • Identifies the advisory phrase (1 mark)

    Open Q7(b) on its own page

  3. Q8 · 12 marks · Short answerMijbil the Otter

    Answer ANY FOUR of the following five questions, in about 50 words each. 4x3=12

    1. I

      Otters are known for their peculiar behavioural traits. Support this statement with reference to any two traits mentioned in ‘Mijbil the Otter.’

      3 marks
    2. II

      How does the use of repetition in the poem ‘Amanda!’ highlight the speaker's expectations and Amanda's responses?

      3 marks
    3. III

      How can Nelson Mandela’s vision of ‘liberating both the oppressed and the oppressor’ be applied in modern-day societies to address issues of inequality and discrimination? (Nelson Mandela – Long Walk to Freedom)

      3 marks
    4. IV

      How does the line ‘and then moves on’ reflect the transient nature of the fog thereby contributing to the poem's deeper message about life's impermanence? (Fog)

      3 marks
    5. V

      How does Chubukov’s reaction to Lomov’s marriage proposal reflect his priorities and values? (The Proposal)

      3 marks
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (I) Otters have a love for moving water. Mijbil could not bear still water, so he overturned his bowl, sat in it and splashed until it overflowed. He was also very curious and fumbled with taps to turn them on. He could also juggle marbles on his belly while lying on his back.

      3 marks

    2. (II) The repeated commands, such as 'Don't bite your nails', show the constant expectations and pressure on Amanda and her lack of freedom. Amanda's responses are imaginative escapes, such as being a mermaid or a prima donna, and they are not repetitive. They show her longing for independence and the tension between control and self-expression.

      3 marks

    3. (III) Mandela's vision can be applied today by encouraging dialogue, understanding and reconciliation between groups. Marginalised people must be empowered, and the mindsets of those who discriminate must also be changed. This breaks the cycle of hatred and builds lasting equality and peace.

      3 marks

    4. (IV) 'And then moves on' shows that the fog arrives quietly, stays briefly and leaves, like fleeting moments in life. It reinforces the poem's message that experiences are temporary and pass without warning, leaving only a sense of mystery and reflection.

      3 marks

    5. (V) Chubukov turns very warm and enthusiastic towards Lomov once he hears the proposal. He calls him 'my dear fellow', even though he had been hostile a little earlier. His joy is about marrying his daughter to a neighbouring landowner, not about her happiness. This shows that he is opportunistic and values status and financial security over genuine feeling.

      3 marks

    Answer: Model answers to all five sub-parts (I)-(V) are given; any four are required.

    Where the marks are

    • (I) Two traits of Mijbil with examples (2 marks) and expression (1 mark)
    • (II) Repetition shows pressure and control, and Amanda's imaginative escapes show her desire for freedom (2 marks) with expression (1 mark)
    • (III) Application of the vision through dialogue, reconciliation and changing mindsets (2 marks) with expression (1 mark)
    • (IV) 'Moves on' shows transience and the impermanence of life (2 marks) with expression (1 mark)
    • (V) Chubukov is opportunistic and values status and security (2 marks) with expression (1 mark)

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  4. Q9 · 6 marks · Short answerThe Necklace

    Answer ANY TWO of the following three questions, in about 40-50 words. 2x3=6

    1. I

      How does ‘The Necklace’ illustrate the significance of honesty as the key element for leading a happy and stress-free life?

      3 marks
    2. II

      Briefly evaluate the validity of the adage ‘Values are caught, not taught’, in the context of the relationship between Anil and Hari Singh in ‘The Thief’s Story’.

      3 marks
    3. III

      Griffin’s experiences moments of comfort and normalcy while being invisible. How do these fleeting moments impact his sense of identity and his actions throughout 'Footprints Without Feet'?

      3 marks
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (I) Matilda replaces the necklace and never tells Madame Forestier the truth. This dishonesty costs her ten years of hardship, worry and fear of discovery, and ruins her health and youth. Had she been honest, she would have been spared the suffering. The story shows that honesty brings peace of mind.

      3 marks

    2. (II) The adage holds true in the story. Anil never lectures Hari Singh. His trust, his kindness in tolerating the failed cooking attempt and his teaching of reading and writing move Hari Singh deeply. These actions teach honesty better than words, and Hari Singh returns the money and chooses integrity.

      3 marks

    3. (III) Griffin's moments of warmth and food bring brief normalcy but make his isolation clearer. They deepen his frustration and his longing for connection. His desperation leads him to steal, disguise himself and finally turn violent. His identity erodes and he becomes detached from society.

      3 marks

    Answer: Model answers to all three sub-parts (I)-(III) are given; any two are required.

    Where the marks are

    • (I) Matilda's lie leads to years of stress and fear, and honesty would have given peace (2 marks) with expression (1 mark)
    • (II) Anil's silent trust and kindness change Hari Singh, which shows that values are caught (2 marks) with expression (1 mark)
    • (III) Fleeting comfort deepens Griffin's isolation and drives his desperate actions (2 marks) with expression (1 mark)

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  5. Answer one of these 2 alternatives.

    Q10(a) · 6 marks · Long answerReading (unseen passages)

    How does literature like ‘The Baker from Goa,’ ‘Coorg,’ and ‘Tea from Assam’ contribute to promoting tourism and raising awareness about regional cultures and traditions?

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Introduction: These narratives promote tourism by showing the unique culture, history and landscape of their regions. They spark readers' interest in visiting these places.

      1 mark

    2. 'The Baker from Goa' shows the enduring Goan baking tradition, the baker's cultural role and the charm of the region. Its nostalgic local customs and its picture of Goa's heritage and food attract visitors.

      2 marks

    3. 'Coorg' presents the region's beautiful landscape and history, and the martial traditions, hospitality and closeness to nature of the Coorgi people. This invites tourists.

      1 mark

    4. 'Tea from Assam' presents Assam as a land of tea gardens and scenic beauty with a rich tea history. It attracts travellers who want to see tea estates and learn about cultivation.

      1 mark

    5. Conclusion: Their vivid descriptions raise awareness of regional cultures and encourage people to visit and experience these places.

      1 mark

    Answer: Model answer given in steps, in 100-120 words.

    Where the marks are

    • Introduction linking the texts to tourism (1 mark)
    • Goa baker: tradition, culture and charm that attract visitors (2 marks)
    • Coorg: landscape, martial culture, hospitality (1 mark)
    • Assam: tea gardens, history, scenic beauty (1 mark)
    • Conclusion (1 mark)

    Open Q10(a) on its own page

    OR

    Q10(b) · 6 marks · Long answerThe Trees

    The poems, ‘The Trees’ and ‘A Tiger in the Zoo’ resonate the theme of importance of freedom and the desire to break free from any kind of dominance. Examine.

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Introduction: Both poems express the desire for freedom and release from confinement. In 'The Trees' it is nature, and in 'A Tiger in the Zoo' it is a caged animal.

      1 mark

    2. In 'The Trees', the trees are trapped in the house, with roots coming loose from the cracks in the veranda. Their movement towards the forest shows a yearning to return to their natural state.

      2 marks

    3. In 'A Tiger in the Zoo', the tiger is physically confined in a cage. Its restless pacing shows its desire to break free and roam in the wild.

      2 marks

    4. Conclusion: The trees stand for natural growth and liberation from human-made boundaries, while the zoo stands for oppression. Both poems stress that freedom is essential and that confinement destroys the natural spirit.

      1 mark

    Answer: Model answer given in steps, in 100-120 words.

    Where the marks are

    • Introduction stating the theme of freedom (1 mark)
    • The trees' longing for the forest with evidence (2 marks)
    • The tiger's confinement and restlessness with evidence (2 marks)
    • Conclusion comparing the two poems (1 mark)

    Open Q10(b) on its own page

  6. Answer one of these 2 alternatives.

    Q11(a) · 6 marks · Long answerThe Midnight Visitor

    How does the author use the narrative technique of misdirection in 'The Midnight Visitor', to enhance the suspense and the story’s unexpected ending?

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Introduction: The author uses misdirection to build suspense and to deliver a surprising ending in 'The Midnight Visitor'.

      1 mark

    2. Ausable invents a balcony and confidently describes how intruders have used it before. The reader, like Max, believes that it exists.

      2 marks

    3. This deception builds tension, as the reader waits to see how the balcony will matter in the events that follow.

      1 mark

    4. The suspense peaks when Max, trying to avoid the 'police', escapes through the balcony and discovers too late that it does not exist. The twist shows Ausable's wit and resourcefulness.

      1 mark

    5. Conclusion: Misdirection keeps the reader engaged and makes the ending surprising and satisfying.

      1 mark

    Answer: Model answer given in steps, in 100-120 words.

    Where the marks are

    • Introduction naming misdirection (1 mark)
    • The fabricated balcony story that misleads Max and the reader (2 marks)
    • The tension built in the build-up (1 mark)
    • The ending where Max finds there is no balcony (1 mark)
    • Conclusion on the effect on the reader (1 mark)

    Open Q11(a) on its own page

    OR

    Q11(b) · 6 marks · Long answerA Triumph of Surgery

    Comment critically on the role of the Surgery in the ‘The Triumph of Surgery’.

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Introduction: The Surgery is pivotal in the story as a place of physical recovery and as the catalyst for Tricki's transformation.

      1 mark

    2. It contrasts with Mrs Pumphrey's overindulgent home. Her pampering and excessive feeding made Tricki ill.

      2 marks

    3. At the Surgery Tricki gets proper care, with a strict diet, exercise and company of other dogs, and this restores his health.

      1 mark

    4. The Surgery stands for responsible pet care, showing that a pet's well-being needs more than affection and indulgence.

      1 mark

    5. Conclusion: The writer criticises overindulgence and stresses holistic, responsible care of pets.

      1 mark

    Answer: Model answer given in steps, in 100-120 words.

    Where the marks are

    • Introduction on the Surgery's role (1 mark)
    • Contrast with Mrs Pumphrey's home and its overindulgence (2 marks)
    • Diet, exercise and company that lead to recovery (1 mark)
    • Symbol of responsible care (1 mark)
    • Conclusion with the writer's critique (1 mark)

    Open Q11(b) on its own page

Source: official sample paper, cbseacademic.nic.in. Chapter tags and solutions are ours. Spotted a transcription error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.