CBSE Class 10 English: 2026 board paper, set 2/5/1
The question paper set in the CBSE Class 10 board exam of 2026, as printed: 11 questions for 80 marks, in sections, with each OR choice shown as an alternative. Try each question first, then open our solution.
Every question here has our step-by-step solution, split into the steps that earn marks. Each one was checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.
Source: official question paper from cbse.gov.in: https://www.cbse.gov.in/cbsenew/question-paper/2026/X/English_Language_Literature.zip (a zip; this paper is the file 1161-1_2-5-1 English (Lang. & Lit.) (1).pdf). Questions are transcribed from that PDF; figures are described in words, so check the official paper for them.
How the paper is set
| Section | Questions | What it has |
|---|---|---|
| A | 1-2 | Reading Skills, 20 marks. Q1 and Q2 are 10 marks each, split into subparts with 1 or 2 marks each. |
| B | 3-5 | Grammar and Creative Writing Skills, 20 marks. Q3 Grammar is 10 marks (any ten of twelve subparts, 1 mark each). Q4 and Q5 are 5 marks each, with an internal choice (A) or (B). |
| C | 6-11 | Literature, 40 marks. Q6 and Q7 are 5 marks each with choice (A) or (B). Q8 is any four of five (3 marks each). Q9 is any two of three (3 marks each). Q10 and Q11 are 6 marks each with choice (A) or (B). |
Instructions in brief: All 11 questions are compulsory. There are three sections. Internal choice (A)/(B) appears in Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, Q10 and Q11. Q3 requires any ten of twelve tasks, Q8 any four of five, and Q9 any two of three.
Section A
Reading Skills, 20 marks. Q1 and Q2 are 10 marks each, split into subparts with 1 or 2 marks each.
Q1 · 10 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedReading (unseen passages)
Read the following text:
(1) Forests are often called the lungs of the Earth, and in India, they are an integral part of the country’s ecological, economic, and cultural fabric. They regulate temperatures and help keep the air clean. Covering about 21.71% of India’s geographical area, forests play a pivotal role in sustaining biodiversity, regulating climate, and supporting the livelihoods of millions of people. However, these verdant expanses face numerous challenges, raising important questions about conservation, sustainable development, and policy priorities.
(2) India’s forests are incredibly diverse, ranging from the lush tropical rain forests to the alpine vegetation of the Himalayas. This diversity is home to a wide variety of flora and fauna, many of which are endemic or endangered, such as the Bengal tiger, Indian elephant, and Nilgiri Tahr. Forests also provide critical ecosystem services like water conservation, soil fertility, and carbon sequestration, which are essential in combating climate change.
(3) Economically, forests contribute significantly through timber, medicinal plants and Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) like honey and bamboo. They are also central to the lives of tribal communities who depend on them for sustenance and cultural practices. However, this dependence brings to light the complex relationship between human development and forest preservation.
(4) Is it possible to achieve economic growth without degrading forest resources? The pressures on India’s forests are immense. Rapid urbanization, industrial expansion, mining, and agricultural encroachment have led to significant deforestation. According to recent reports, India lost around 66,000 hectares of forest cover between 2019 and 2021. This loss not only threatens biodiversity but also exacerbates climate-related challenges such as rising temperatures and erratic rainfall.
(5) Policy measures like the Forest Conservation Act of 1980 and initiatives such as Compensatory Afforestation and Van Mahotsav (Forest Festival) reflect efforts to preserve and expand forest areas. However, critics argue that these measures often fail to address ground realities. For instance, afforestation projects may involve planting monoculture species that disrupt ecosystems rather than restore natural biodiversity. Similarly, conflicts arise when policies overlook the rights of indigenous communities, leading to displacement and social tensions. India’s forests are a microcosm of the global struggle to balance development with conservation.
(6) Solutions lie in adopting sustainable practices, such as agroforestry, eco-tourism, and community-based conservation models. Empowering local communities to act as custodians of forests ensures both their livelihoods and the health of forest ecosystems. Moreover, raising awareness about the importance of forests can inspire collective action at all levels.
Answer the following questions, based on the passage above:
- (i)1 mark
In paragraph 1, what does the phrase ‘Lungs of the Earth’ refer to with reference to the passage?
- (ii)1 mark
Complete the following with the correct option from the two given: Forests play a significant role in sustaining biodiversity by _______ (Para 1)
- (a)balancing climate change and creating livelihoods for people.
- (b)Providing wood for fuel and industries worldwide.
- (iii)2 marks
Support the writer’s idea that forests provide critical ecosystem services with textual evidence. (Para 2)
- (iv)1 mark
What do the recent statistics on deforestation reveal about the state of India’s forests? (Para 4)
- (A)Deforestation has decreased significantly.
- (B)Forest loss has been stabilized.
- (C)Forest cover is rapidly declining.
- (D)There is no significant impact on forest cover.
- (v)1 mark
Select the concept that best reflects the complex relationship between human development and preservation. (Para 3)
- (a)Rapid urbanization has led to widespread deforestation depriving flora and fauna of its natural habitat.
- (b)The introduction of initiatives like Van Mahotsav serve as compensatory afforestation.
- (vi)1 mark
State whether the following statement is true or false: Deforestation is one of the reasons for erratic rainfall. (Para 4)
- (vii)1 mark
List one challenge that critics see in compensatory afforestation measures. (Para 5)
- (viii)2 marks
How do community-based conservation models benefit both forests and local communities? (Para 6)
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 1 mark
(i) The phrase 'lungs of the Earth' refers to forests, which keep the air clean by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. They also regulate the Earth's temperature.
- 1 mark
(ii) Option (a): balancing climate change and creating livelihoods for people.
- 2 marks
(iii) Forests are home to a wide variety of flora and fauna, including endemic and endangered species such as the Bengal tiger and Nilgiri Tahr. They also provide services like water conservation, soil fertility and carbon sequestration, which help combat climate change.
- 1 mark
(iv) Option (C): Forest cover is rapidly declining, since India lost about 66,000 hectares between 2019 and 2021.
- 1 mark
(v) Option (b): initiatives like Van Mahotsav serving as compensatory afforestation. They show the effort to balance development with preservation.
- 1 mark
(vi) True. Deforestation worsens rising temperatures and erratic rainfall.
- 1 mark
(vii) Afforestation may involve monoculture planting, which disrupts ecosystems instead of restoring natural biodiversity.
- 2 marks
(viii) Local communities become custodians of the forest, so their livelihoods are secured. This also keeps the forest ecosystem healthy, and awareness inspires collective action.
Answer: (i) Forests; (ii) a; (iii) flora and fauna, water conservation, soil fertility, carbon sequestration; (iv) C; (v) b; (vi) True; (vii) monoculture planting disrupts ecosystems; (viii) community custodianship secures livelihoods and forest health
Where the marks are
- (i) Identifies forests, with one reason (1 mark)
- (ii) Option a (1 mark)
- (iii) Two textual evidences of ecosystem services (2 marks)
- (iv) Option C (1 mark)
- (v) Option b (1 mark)
- (vi) True (1 mark)
- (vii) One challenge of compensatory afforestation (1 mark)
- (viii) Two benefits to forests and communities (2 marks)
Q2 · 10 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedReading (unseen passages)
Read the following passage carefully:
The Rise of Electric Vehicles in India:
(1) Electric Vehicles (EVs) are gaining significant traction globally. In India, the push for EVs is driven by concerns over air pollution, rising fuel costs and government’s commitment to reducing carbon emissions. The Indian Government has set ambitious targets for EV adoption, aiming for 30% of private cars, 70% of commercial vehicles, and 80% of two wheelers and three-wheelers to be electric by 2030.
(2) The benefits of EVs extend beyond environmental impact: Lower running cost due to cheaper electricity, reduces maintenance because of fewer moving parts, and lowers noise pollution in urban areas.
(3) Despite the promising outlook, the EV industry in India faces several challenges currently. While public charging stations are slowly increasing, their availability, especially in semi-urban and rural areas, remains a bottleneck. The initial high purchase cost of EVs and concerns about range or the fear of running out of charge are other causes of anxiety.
(4) To overcome these hurdles, the government is offering subsidies and tax benefits to make EVs more affordable. Private companies are investing in developing new EV models with improved battery technology for longer ranges and battery swapping technology is also being explored as a quick alternative to traditional charging.
(5) The Indian EV market is witnessing rapid growth, with sales figures steadily climbing. In 2023, India recorded sales of over 1.5 million EVs, a significant jump from previous years. Two-wheelers dominated the sales, followed by three-wheelers and then passenger cars. States like Maharashtra, Delhi, and Karnataka have emerged as leaders in EV adoption, largely due to supportive state policies and greater awareness among consumers.
Answer the following questions, based on the above passage:
- (i)2 marks
Electric vehicles offer multiple benefits in India. Support the above statement in 40 words with evidence from the text.
- (ii)1 mark
Select the option that is true for the assertion and reason given below. Assertion: EVs are gaining traction in India. Reason: The Indian government is committed to reducing carbon emissions.
- (A)Both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
- (B)Both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
- (C)The assertion is true, but the reason is false.
- (D)The assertion is false, but the reason is true.
- (iii)1 mark
Justify the following statement: Despite governmental support, the initial cost of EVs remains a challenge for consumers.
- (iv)1 mark
Complete the following with one suitable reason from the text: The silent operation of EVs contributes to better urban living because _________.
- (v)1 mark
“In 2023, India recorded sales of over 1.5 million EVs, a significant jump from previous years.” State any one inference that can be drawn from the above statement.
- (vi)1 mark
According to the passage, what is ‘range anxiety’ in the context of electric vehicles?
- (vii)1 mark
Based on the given text, which type of EV dominated sales in India in 2023?
- (viii)1 mark
Complete the sentence suitably: To address the challenge of charging infrastructure, various initiatives are being undertaken, such as _________.
- (ix)1 mark
Give one reason to support why the adoption of EVs is slow in some parts of India.
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 2 marks
(i) EVs have lower running costs because electricity is cheaper. They need less maintenance as they have fewer moving parts. They also reduce noise and air pollution in cities.
- 1 mark
(ii) Option A: both are true and the reason correctly explains the assertion.
- 1 mark
(iii) The purchase cost is high, which is why the government offers subsidies and tax benefits. Even so, the cost remains a cause of anxiety for consumers.
- 1 mark
(iv) It reduces noise pollution in urban areas.
- 1 mark
(v) The EV market is growing, and consumer acceptance of EVs is rising.
- 1 mark
(vi) Range anxiety is the fear of running out of charge while driving.
- 1 mark
(vii) Two-wheelers.
- 1 mark
(viii) Private companies investing in robust charging networks, or exploring battery swapping technology.
- 1 mark
(ix) Limited charging infrastructure, especially in semi-urban and rural areas.
Answer: (i) lower running cost, less maintenance, less pollution; (ii) A; (iii) high initial cost; (iv) reduces noise pollution; (v) EV market is growing; (vi) fear of running out of charge; (vii) two-wheelers; (viii) battery swapping; (ix) limited charging stations
Where the marks are
- (i) Any two benefits in about 40 words (2 marks)
- (ii) Option A (1 mark)
- (iii) Cost remains a challenge despite subsidies (1 mark)
- (iv) Reduces noise pollution (1 mark)
- (v) Valid inference (1 mark)
- (vi) Fear of running out of charge (1 mark)
- (vii) Two-wheelers (1 mark)
- (viii) Charging initiative (1 mark)
- (ix) One reason for slow adoption (1 mark)
Section B
Grammar and Creative Writing Skills, 20 marks. Q3 Grammar is 10 marks (any ten of twelve subparts, 1 mark each). Q4 and Q5 are 5 marks each, with an internal choice (A) or (B).
Q3 · 10 marks · GrammarCompetency-basedGrammar
Complete any ten of twelve of the following tasks, as directed:
- (i)1 mark
A manager wrote a report to his seniors about his team. Fill in the blank with the correct option to complete the report: By the end of this quarter, the assistant manager _______ on this campaign for eight months.
- (A)will be working
- (B)will have been working
- (C)will have working
- (D)would have been working
- (ii)1 mark
Read the given sentence from a sales report. Identify the error and supply the correction in the given format: “Being checked all the figures twice, she was sure there were no errors.” Error | Correction
- (iii)1 mark
Read the conversation between the store supervisor and the salesman. Supervisor: “Did you switch off all the lights before leaving office yesterday?” Salesman: “Yes, I did and I also handed over the keys to the night supervisor.” A store supervisor asked the salesman whether he had switched off all the lights before leaving the office the day before. The salesman confirmed _________. Report the salesman’s response.
- (iv)1 mark
A school Principal addressed Board aspirants and said: “_______ candidates must carry their identification proof.” Fill in the blank with the appropriate option.
- (A)Each
- (B)All
- (C)Every
- (D)One
- (v)1 mark
Isha said to her parents, “My mentor will always guide me, even after this programme ends.” Report what Isha said to her parents.
- (vi)1 mark
Find the error in the following sentence and supply the correction: I was disappointed to see that in the library there was less books on the subject than expected. Error | Correction
- (vii)1 mark
Fill in the blank with correct option: My friends _______ the movie tickets before we even reached the ticket counter.
- (A)has collected
- (B)had collected
- (C)collect
- (D)will collect
- (viii)1 mark
Select the correct option to complete the given sentence from a recipe book for students: After stirring the cocoa into the melted butter, you _______ add the eggs one at a time before adding the flour.
- (A)would
- (B)might
- (C)may
- (D)must
- (ix)1 mark
Report the following sentence by a customer: “Did you double-check the address before dispatching the washing machine?”
- (x)1 mark
Complete the following sentence by choosing the correct option: If we had consulted the engineer, we _____ this mistake.
- (A)would avoid
- (B)will avoid
- (C)would have avoided
- (D)had avoided
- (xi)1 mark
Complete the following newspaper report by filling in the blank: The number of road accidents _______ increased this year.
- (A)have
- (B)are
- (C)has
- (D)were
- (xii)1 mark
The speaker in conversation with a group of ministers said, “I feel reassured after hearing your opinions.” What did the speaker say to the ministers?
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 1 mark
(i) B. will have been working: future perfect continuous, since the duration is stated up to a future time.
- 1 mark
(ii) Error: Being. Correction: Having. The perfect participle 'Having checked' shows an action completed before another.
- 1 mark
(iii) that he had done so and that he had also handed over the keys to the night supervisor.
- 1 mark
(iv) B. All: 'candidates' is plural, so 'all' fits.
- 1 mark
(v) Isha told her parents that her mentor would always guide her even after that programme ended.
- 1 mark
(vi) Error: was less. Correction: were fewer. 'Books' is countable and plural.
- 1 mark
(vii) B. had collected: past perfect, as the action came before 'reached'.
- 1 mark
(viii) D. must: it expresses an instruction in a recipe.
- 1 mark
(ix) The customer asked whether they had double-checked the address before dispatching the washing machine.
- 1 mark
(x) C. would have avoided: third conditional.
- 1 mark
(xi) C. has: the subject 'the number' is singular.
- 1 mark
(xii) The speaker told the ministers that he felt reassured after hearing their opinions.
Answer: (i) B; (ii) Being→Having; (iii) that he had done so and had also handed over the keys to the night supervisor; (iv) B; (v) Isha told her parents that her mentor would always guide her even after that programme ended; (vi) was less→were fewer; (vii) B; (viii) D; (ix) The customer asked whether they had double-checked the address before dispatching the washing machine; (x) C; (xi) C; (xii) The speaker told the ministers that he felt reassured after hearing their opinions
Where the marks are
- Any ten sub-parts correct, 1 mark each (10 marks)
Answer one of these 2 alternatives.
Q4(A) · 5 marks · WritingCompetency-basedWriting Skills
You are Devi / Dev Arora a concerned resident. You are deeply concerned at the overflowing garbage dumps in the city. Besides being eyesores, these dumps create environmental and health risks. They produce a foul odour and attract stray animals and other scavengers. Write a letter to the Municipal Commissioner drawing attention to the situation. Suggest the need to identify systemic flows in the collection system due to insufficient collection vehicles and irregular cleaning of dumps.
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 1 mark
Format: sender's address and date, then the receiver's designation and address, subject line, salutation 'Respected Sir/Madam', and the subscription 'Yours faithfully, Devi Arora'.
- 1 mark
Body, problems: I am a concerned resident writing about the overflowing garbage dumps in our city. They are eyesores and pose serious environmental and health risks. They give off a foul odour and attract stray animals and scavengers.
- 1 mark
Body, causes and solutions: The collection system has systemic flaws, namely too few collection vehicles and irregular cleaning of dumps. I request you to deploy more vehicles, ensure systematic waste collection, and clean the dumps regularly.
- 1 mark
Organisation: formal tone, orderly paragraphs, and a closing request for urgent action.
- 1 mark
Accuracy: correct spelling, punctuation and grammar.
Answer: Formal letter to the Municipal Commissioner covering the problems (overflowing dumps, odour, health risk, animals) and solutions (more vehicles, regular cleaning).
Where the marks are
- Correct letter format (1 mark)
- Content: two problems and two solutions (2 marks)
- Organisation of ideas (1 mark)
- Accuracy (1 mark)
OR
Q4(B) · 5 marks · WritingCompetency-basedWriting Skills
Living in multistoreyed complexes with limited open space for sporting activities, you feel that children today are forced to be indoors. This is leading to increased screen addiction, lack of concentration, and unhealthy eating habits and lifestyles. Write a letter to the editor on the need to build community centers with indoor sporting facilities for children. Highlight the benefits of creating a comfortable and safe environment, and its usefulness for residents. You are Shrushti / Sharan.
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 1 mark
Format: sender's address and date, then the Editor's address, subject 'Need for community centres with indoor sports facilities', salutation 'Sir/Madam', and the subscription 'Yours faithfully, Shrushti'.
- 1 mark
Body, present situation: Multistoreyed complexes have little open space, so children are forced indoors. This increases screen addiction, reduces concentration and encourages unhealthy eating habits and lifestyle.
- 1 mark
Body, benefits: A community centre would give children a safe, comfortable space with indoor sports. It would reduce screen time, improve concentration and lifestyle, and benefit all residents.
- 1 mark
Organisation: formal tone, logical paragraphs, and an appeal to the authorities.
- 1 mark
Accuracy: correct spelling, punctuation and grammar.
Answer: Formal letter to the editor covering the situation (limited space, screen addiction) and benefits of a community centre (safety, indoor sports, better lifestyle).
Where the marks are
- Correct letter format (1 mark)
- Content: two points on the situation and two on benefits (2 marks)
- Organisation of ideas (1 mark)
- Accuracy (1 mark)
Answer one of these 2 alternatives.
Q5(A) · 5 marks · WritingCompetency-basedWriting Skills
The data given below shows how teenagers spend their daily screen time across different digital activities.
S. No. Digital Activities Percentage 1. Social media 35 2. Watching videos / streaming 30 3. Gaming 20 4. Online learning 10 5. Others (browsing, reading news, etc.,) 5 Analyse the data provided and write a paragraph analyzing how teenagers allocate their daily screen time. Focus on the activity that occupies the largest proportion of time and on other major and minor activities in descending order, and on the balance between entertainment and educational screen use. Conclude with an observation about the overall trend.
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 2 marks
Content: Social media takes the largest share at 35%, showing a strong preference for online interaction. Streaming follows at 30% and gaming at 20%. Online learning gets only 10%, and other activities such as browsing and reading news just 5%.
- 1 mark
Balance: Entertainment (social media, streaming and gaming) totals 85%, while educational and other uses total only 15%. This shows a clear dominance of entertainment.
- 2 marks
Organisation: a single paragraph in formal tone with linking words such as however, in contrast and therefore, ending with the conclusion that teenagers need balanced screen habits and digital literacy.
Answer: A single analytical paragraph: social media 35% > streaming 30% > gaming 20% > online learning 10% > others 5%; entertainment 85% against 15% educational and other use; a balanced screen habit is needed.
Where the marks are
- At least four trends analysed (2 marks)
- Organisation: single paragraph, linkers, formal tone (2 marks)
- Accuracy (1 mark)
OR
Q5(B) · 5 marks · WritingCompetency-basedWriting Skills
Read the given details of a community library designed for your neighbourhood:
- A well lit and ventilated reading lounge.
- A digital section with computers, tablets and e-books.
- A dedicated children’s corner with picture books and storytelling sessions.
- A quiet study area with desk lamps and soundproof partitions for students.
- Outdoor reading space under trees for senior citizens.
- Book-sharing stands where people can donate and borrow books freely.
Analyse the details and write an analytical paragraph in about 120 words about the suitability of this library. Focus on factors such as accessibility, reading environment, suitability for different age groups, and community engagement.
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 2 marks
Content: The library suits all age groups. The children's corner with picture books and storytelling builds early literacy. The digital section serves tech-savvy readers, and the quiet study area with soundproof partitions helps students. Senior citizens have outdoor reading under trees.
- 1 mark
Environment, access and community: The well-lit, ventilated lounge gives a comfortable reading environment, and the varied zones make it accessible to all. Book-sharing stands encourage donation and free borrowing, building community engagement.
- 2 marks
Organisation: a single paragraph of about 120 words with linkers, a formal tone and a concluding line on its suitability.
Answer: A single paragraph of about 120 words showing the library is suitable, covering accessibility, environment, different age groups and community engagement.
Where the marks are
- At least four features analysed (2 marks)
- Organisation and cohesion (2 marks)
- Accuracy (1 mark)
Section C
Literature, 40 marks. Q6 and Q7 are 5 marks each with choice (A) or (B). Q8 is any four of five (3 marks each). Q9 is any two of three (3 marks each). Q10 and Q11 are 6 marks each with choice (A) or (B).
Answer one of these 2 alternatives.
Q6(A) · 5 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedThe Midnight Visitor
Read the given extract and answer the question.
Ausable did not fit any description of a secret agent Fowler had ever read. Following him down the musty corridor of the gloomy French hotel where Ausable had a room, Fowler felt let down. It was a small room, on the sixth and top floor and scarcely a setting for a romantic adventure. Ausable was, for one thing, fat, very fat. And then there was his accent. Though he spoke French and German passably, he had never altogether lost the American accent he had brought to Paris from Boston twenty years ago. “You are disappointed,” Ausable said wheezily over his shoulder. (The Midnight Visitor)
- (i)1 mark
Which of the following describes how Fowler felt on seeing Ausable for the first time?
- (A)excited and happy
- (B)indifferent and disgusted
- (C)surprised and disappointed
- (D)envious and in awe
- (ii)2 marks
How did the hotel’s atmosphere influence Fowler’s mood?
- (iii)1 mark
Fill in the blank with the correct word from the bracket: Ausable’s reaction on seeing how Fowler felt shows that he was _______. (observant/ embarrassed)
- (iv)1 mark
In what way does Ausable defy the typical spy image?
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 1 mark
(i) C. surprised and disappointed: Ausable did not match Fowler's idea of a spy.
- 2 marks
(ii) The gloomy, musty hotel made Fowler feel let down and disappointed. It was not the romantic setting he expected for a spy.
- 1 mark
(iii) observant: Ausable noticed Fowler's disappointment.
- 1 mark
(iv) He is very fat and unimpressive, and still has an American accent, so he does not look like a typical spy.
Answer: (i) C; (ii) the gloomy hotel disappointed Fowler; (iii) observant; (iv) he is fat and has an American accent
Where the marks are
- (i) Option C (1 mark)
- (ii) Atmosphere (1 mark) and its impact on mood (1 mark)
- (iii) observant (1 mark)
- (iv) One way he defies the spy image (1 mark)
OR
Q6(B) · 5 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedNelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom
Read the given extract and answer the question.
“I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die”. (Nelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom)
- (i)1 mark
What is the main ideal Mandela is talking about?
- (A)economic prosperity
- (B)representative and free society
- (C)absolute power
- (D)finishing racism
- (ii)2 marks
How does the statement reflect Mandela’s commitment to justice? (Answer in about 40 words)
- (iii)1 mark
Fill in the blank with the correct word from the bracket: Nelson’s vision was not simply to reverse the oppression but to end it completely as he wishes to _______ (fight / appease) all forms of domination in which all persons live with equal opportunities.
- (iv)1 mark
The phrase “prepared to die” shows Mandela’s:
- (A)anxiety
- (B)desperation
- (C)passion
- (D)uprightness
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 1 mark
(i) B. representative and free society: the democratic, free society he describes.
- 2 marks
(ii) He is willing to live and even die for equality and justice. He is dedicated to ending oppression and building a fair society with equal opportunities for all.
- 1 mark
(iii) fight: he wants to fight all forms of domination.
- 1 mark
(iv) C. passion: being ready to die shows his deep devotion to the cause.
Answer: (i) B; (ii) willing to live and die for equality and justice; (iii) fight; (iv) C
Where the marks are
- (i) Option B (1 mark)
- (ii) Two value points on commitment to justice (2 marks)
- (iii) fight (1 mark)
- (iv) Option C (1 mark)
Answer one of these 2 alternatives.
Q7(A) · 5 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedThe Ball Poem
Read the following extract and answer the questions.
What, what is the boy now who has lost his ball.
What, what is he to do.
I saw it go
Merrily bouncing, down the street and then Merrily over – there it is in the water!”
No use to say ’O there are other balls’.(The Ball Poem by John Berryman)
- (i)1 mark
What does the repetition of the word “merrily” suggest in the context of the ball’s movement?
- (ii)2 marks
How does this moment contrast the mood of the poem before and after the ball falls into the water? (Answer in about 40 words)
- (iii)1 mark
Fill in the blank with the correct word from the bracket: The poet uses the ball as a symbol of the boy’s _______. (childhood/adventure)
- (iv)1 mark
The line, ‘No use to say, oh there are other balls’ signifies:
- (A)Words of consolation are inappropriate.
- (B)The boy must be left alone and play with other toys.
- (C)The boy should not be left alone.
- (D)No ball will be as expensive as the one the boy has lost.
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 1 mark
(i) The repeated 'merrily' suggests the ball's carefree, playful bouncing, a happy childhood moment, and makes the sudden loss in the water more painful.
- 2 marks
(ii) Before the ball falls, the mood is light, playful and joyful, like the ball bouncing down the street. After it drops into the water, the mood turns sad and gloomy. The boy feels a deep sense of loss, and the poet's tone becomes serious and sympathetic.
- 1 mark
(iii) childhood
- 1 mark
(iv) (A) Words of consolation are inappropriate. The boy is grieving, and a quick offer of 'other balls' ignores the real loss he feels.
Answer: (i) carefree, playful childhood; (ii) joyful mood turns sad and gloomy; (iii) childhood; (iv) A
Where the marks are
- Repetition shows playfulness or happiness (1 mark)
- Mood before: happy or playful (1 mark)
- Mood after: sad or gloomy (1 mark)
- Fills in 'childhood' (1 mark)
- Chooses option A (1 mark)
OR
Q7(B) · 5 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedThe Trees
Read the following extract and answer the questions.
“All night the roots work
To disengage themselves from the cracks
in the veranda floor. The leaves strain towards the glass
small twigs stiff with exertion
long-cramped boughs shuffling
under the roof
like newly discharged patients
half dazed, moving to the clinic doors” (Trees)- (i)1 mark
What do the roots work upon all night?
- (ii)2 marks
Each part of the trees works to get itself free. Describe their struggle. (answer in about 40 words)
- (iii)1 mark
Fill the blank with one word. The long branches are compared to _______.
- (iv)1 mark
The phrase ‘half-dazed’ is used for the branches as they adjust from being indoors to being in the open. It highlights the branches’:
- (A)disorientation and fragility
- (B)experience and privilege
- (C)hurt and injury
- (D)barrenness and pain
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 1 mark
(i) The roots work all night to disengage themselves from the cracks in the veranda floor, trying to break free.
- 2 marks
(ii) The roots strain to pull free from the cracks in the floor. The leaves stretch towards the glass, and the stiff twigs push themselves out with effort. The long, cramped branches shuffle under the roof, struggling to reach the open.
- 1 mark
(iii) patients
- 1 mark
(iv) (A) disorientation and fragility. 'Half-dazed' shows the branches are confused and weak after being confined, like newly discharged patients.
Answer: (i) disengage themselves from the cracks; (ii) roots, leaves, twigs and boughs all strain to break free; (iii) patients; (iv) A
Where the marks are
- Roots try to break free from the cracks (1 mark)
- Any two parts of the tree described in their struggle (2 marks)
- Fills in 'patients' (1 mark)
- Chooses option A (1 mark)
Q8 · 12 marks · Short answerHow to Tell Wild Animals
Answer any four of the following five questions, in about 40-50 words each. (4 × 3 = 12)
- (i)3 marks
What lesson does the poet convey about nature in ‘How to Tell Wild Animals’?
- (ii)3 marks
How does the short structure of poem ‘Dust of Snow’ enhance its message about emotional renewal? Support your answer briefly.
- (iii)3 marks
In ‘Mijbil the Otter’, how does the narrator’s patience contrast with the reactions of fellow passengers and local people? What does this reveal about human understanding of the unfamiliar?
- (iv)3 marks
In ‘Madam Rides the Bus’, how does the contrast between Valli’s boldness and her emotional response to the dead cow shape your view of her maturity?
- (v)3 marks
What was Chubukov’s reaction when he heard about Lomov’s proposal for his daughter’s hand? (The Proposal)
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 3 marks
(i) The poet warns, with humour, that nature is unpredictable and wild animals must be approached with caution. Each description, such as the tiger's stripes or the lion's roar, shows animals differ from each other. Observation and respect are needed because a surprise may await the traveller in the jungle.
- 3 marks
(ii) The poem's brief lines mirror a sudden shift in mood. A small act, the crow shaking snow on the poet, lifts his regret and gives him hope. The brevity shows that tiny moments can renew the spirit and save part of a day he had rued.
- 3 marks
(iii) The narrator stays calm and patient with Mijbil, while passengers react with fear, panic, discomfort or curiosity. People call the otter a seal or hippo and shy away. This shows that ignorance of the unfamiliar creates fear and a lack of empathy, though some show healthy curiosity.
- 3 marks
(iv) Valli is bold and confident on the bus ride, acting grown-up. Yet she turns silent and shaken on seeing the dead cow. This shows her maturity is growing but she is still a child. She now grasps the reality of death, and the cow's death breaks her pretence of being mature.
- 3 marks
(v) Chubukov is overjoyed when he learns Lomov wants to marry Natalya. He embraces and kisses Lomov, blesses the union and is delighted to agree to the marriage. He hurries to call his daughter and says he had always loved Lomov like a son.
Answer: Any four of (i)-(v) answered; all five are given above.
Where the marks are
- Content: two relevant value points with textual evidence per answer (2 marks each)
- Expression: coherent, effective style per answer (1 mark each)
- Any four answers attempted (12 marks)
Q9 · 6 marks · Short answerFootprints without Feet
Answer any two of the following three questions, in about 40-50 words each. (2 × 3 = 6)
- (i)3 marks
Why does Griffin, despite his scientific genius, end up leading a destructive life? (Footprints Without Feet)
- (ii)3 marks
Why does Horace Danby consider himself an honest man despite being a thief? How does this self-perception affect his decision in the story? (A Question of Trust)
- (iii)3 marks
In ‘A Triumph of Surgery’, how does Tricki’s condition reflect the consequences of pampering pets excessively? What does this suggest about human attachment?
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 3 marks
(i) Griffin misuses his invisibility for crime and revenge. He robs people and attacks those who oppose him. Despite his brilliance he lacks ethics, empathy and responsibility. His pride makes him arrogant and lawless, so his genius becomes self-destructive.
- 3 marks
(ii) Horace Danby steals only from the rich, only once a year, to buy rare books, and otherwise lives respectably as a locksmith. He thinks he harms no one. This self-justification clouds his judgement, and his habit takes him to Shotover Grange, where the police catch him.
- 3 marks
(iii) Tricki becomes extremely sick because Mrs Pumphrey never says no to his food demands. This shows that over-indulgence harms instead of helping. It suggests that human attachment, when uncontrolled, turns into blind pampering, and care needs discipline and firmness.
Answer: Any two of (i)-(iii) answered; all three are given above.
Where the marks are
- Two relevant value points with textual evidence per answer (2 marks each)
- Expression: clear, coherent writing per answer (1 mark each)
- Any two answers attempted (6 marks)
Answer one of these 2 alternatives.
Q10(A) · 6 marks · Long answerA Letter to God
How does Lencho’s faith in God, as shown in ‘A Letter to God’ contrast with the skepticism of Kisa Gotami in ‘Sermon at Benares’. Support your answer with details from the two texts. (in about 100-120 words)
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 2 marks
Lencho and Kisa Gotami respond to crisis very differently. Lencho, devastated when hail destroys his crops, turns to God and writes a letter asking for one hundred pesos. Kisa Gotami, in contrast, carries her dead son from door to door seeking medicine on her own.
- 2 marks
Lencho trusts God but not humans, so he suspects the post office employees of stealing when he receives less money. Kisa Gotami places her faith in the Buddha and her fellow villagers and puts in real effort.
- 1 mark
Lencho's faith stays strong and blind, expecting a miracle. Kisa Gotami's search ends in wisdom, as she realises the truth that death is universal.
- 1 mark
Expression and accuracy: a coherent, correct 100-120 word answer.
Answer: Lencho relies on divine miracle with unquestioning faith, while Kisa Gotami searches practically and finally accepts the truth of death.
Where the marks are
- Lencho turns to God, Kisa Gotami acts herself (1 mark)
- Lencho distrusts humans, Kisa Gotami trusts Buddha and villagers (1 mark)
- Textual support from both texts (1 mark)
- Expression (2 marks)
- Accuracy (1 mark)
OR
Q10(B) · 6 marks · Long answerAmanda!
Analyse how Amanda in the poem ‘Amanda’ and the dragon in the poem ‘The Tale of Custard the Dragon’ yearn for acceptance and a life free from criticism. (in about 100-120 words)
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- 2 marks
Amanda is constantly nagged by her elders over posture, food and manners. She escapes into daydreams of being a mermaid, an orphan and Rapunzel, where she finds the peace denied to her in reality.
- 1 mark
She says silence is golden and freedom sweet, showing she wants to be left alone, free of criticism.
- 2 marks
Custard the dragon is teased by his household for being cowardly, while the others are called brave. He yearns for a nice safe cage and longs to be accepted as he truly is, not a fierce dragon.
- 1 mark
Expression and accuracy: a coherent, correct 100-120 word answer.
Answer: Both want escape from criticism and acceptance: Amanda through fantasy freedom, Custard through the safety of a cage and acceptance of his cowardly nature.
Where the marks are
- Amanda's fantasies and wish to escape nagging (1 mark)
- Amanda values silence and freedom (1 mark)
- Custard longs for a safe cage and acceptance, and is teased (1 mark)
- Expression (2 marks)
- Accuracy (1 mark)
Answer one of these 2 alternatives.
Q11(A) · 6 marks · Long answerThe Necklace
In ‘The Necklace’, Madam Loisel spends years repaying a debt for a necklace that was never valuable. How does this irony expose the illusion of wealth and the consequences of chasing appearances? (in about 100-120 words)
Try it first, then show our solutionSolution
- 2 marks
Madame Loisel's obsession with appearances leads to her downfall. To seem rich at the ball, she borrows a diamond necklace from Madame Forestier and, after losing it, buys an expensive replacement by taking heavy loans.
- 2 marks
She spends ten years in hardship and drudgery, moving from a comfortable home to a life of necessity, losing her youth and beauty. The irony is that the original necklace was only paste, so the suffering was real but the wealth was false.
- 1 mark
This exposes how pride and superficiality bring misery, and shows that true worth lies in contentment and honesty, not in show.
- 1 mark
Expression and accuracy: a coherent, correct 100-120 word answer.
Answer: The fake necklace shows the illusion of wealth: her vanity cost her ten years of real suffering.
Where the marks are
- Borrows necklace to appear rich, loses it and repays (1 mark)
- Years of hardship and loss of youth (1 mark)
- Irony that the necklace was fake (1 mark)
- Expression (2 marks)
- Accuracy (1 mark)
OR
Q11(B) · 6 marks · Long answerThe Book that Saved the Earth
In ‘The Book That Saved the Earth’, how does the play use humour and irony to comment on both futuristic technology and human assumptions? What message do you think the author conveys through the Martians’ misinterpretation of a nursery rhyme? (in about 100-120 words)
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- 2 marks
The play uses humour and irony as a powerful, technologically advanced race is defeated by innocent nursery rhymes. The Martians misread children's rhymes as Earth's military code, and think Humpty Dumpty shows the Think-Tank's assassination.
- 1 mark
They wrongly take books for sandwiches and telephones for hats. Their illogical assumptions lead to absurd conclusions and comic error, mocking their confidence in their computer-based technology.
- 2 marks
The message is that blind dependence on technology and assumptions is dangerous. Knowledge must be understood, not presumed, and overconfidence clouds judgement, while humility and understanding matter more than pride.
- 1 mark
Expression and accuracy: a coherent, correct 100-120 word answer.
Answer: The play mocks over-reliance on technology and unfounded assumptions; the author says knowledge and humility matter more than pride and overconfidence.
Where the marks are
- Humour and irony in the Martians' defeat by nursery rhymes (1 mark)
- Examples of misinterpretation (1 mark)
- Message about technology, assumptions or overconfidence (1 mark)
- Expression (2 marks)
- Accuracy (1 mark)
Source: official question paper, cbse.gov.in. Chapter tags and solutions are ours. Spotted a transcription error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.