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CBSE Class 10 English 2025 Question Paper (2/6/1) Solved

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EnglishCBSE Class 10 · Board exam 2025 (session 2024-25)

CBSE Class 10 English: 2025 board paper, set 2/6/1

The question paper set in the CBSE Class 10 board exam of 2025, as printed: 11 questions for 80 marks, in sections, with each OR choice shown as an alternative. Try each question first, then open our solution.

Every question here has our step-by-step solution, split into the steps that earn marks. Each one was checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

Source: official question paper from cbse.gov.in: https://www.cbse.gov.in/cbsenew/question-paper/2025/X/184_English_Language_and_Literature.zip (a zip; this paper is the file 2-6-1_English Language and Literature.pdf). Questions are transcribed from that PDF; figures are described in words, so check the official paper for them.

Practise a paper like this, timedMy board paper sets a full paper in this exact format from real board questions, with a timer.Get your written answers markedThe Answer Coach marks a photo of your handwritten answer step by step, like the examiner.

How the paper is set

SectionQuestionsWhat it has
A1-2Reading Skills, 20 marks; each question is a passage with sub-parts
B3-5Grammar and Creative Writing Skills, 20 marks; Q3 grammar (complete any ten of twelve, 1 mark each), Q4 and Q5 creative writing with internal choice
C6-11Literature Textbook, 40 marks; Q6 and Q7 extract-based with internal choice, Q8 and Q9 with choice of answers, Q10 and Q11 with internal choice

Instructions in brief: All 11 questions are compulsory; internal choice (OR) is given in Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, Q10 and Q11; Q8 requires any four of five and Q9 any two of three; Q3 requires any ten of twelve.

Section A

Reading Skills, 20 marks; each question is a passage with sub-parts

  1. Q1 · 10 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedReading (unseen passages)

    Read the following text:

    (1) Creativity is our most precious resource and the most inexhaustible one. As anyone who has ever spent any time with children knows, every single human being is born creative; every human being is innately endowed with the ability to combine data and perceptions, materials and ideas and devise new ways of thinking and doing. What fosters creativity? More than anything else: the presence of other creative people, contrary to that creativity is the province of great individual geniuses. In fact creativity is a social process. Our biggest creative breakthrough comes when people learn from, compete with, and collaborate with other people.

    (2) Cities are centres of creativity. With their diverse populations, dense social networks and public spaces, people can meet spontaneously and spark or catalyse new ideas. With their infrastructure for finance, organization and trade, they allow the idea to swiftly reach its destination.

    (3) A study tracking the decline of unconventional thinking ability as children age, states that while 98 percent of 3 to 5 years olds exhibited creative thinking, this dwindled to 10 percent among 13 to 15 years olds and a mere 2 percent among 25 years olds. Thus, adulthood witnesses the erosion of innate creativity. There is a variance in creative vitality across cities. Although all cities harbour creative individuals by default, some are saturated with leaders, institutions, and people that inhibit creativity.

    (4) Creativity (or the lack of it) follows the same general contours of the great socio-economic divide - our rising inequality - that plagues us. According to estimates, roughly one-third people are able to do work which engages our creative faculties to some extent, whether as artists, musicians, writers, techies, innovators, entrepreneurs, doctors, lawyers, journalists or educators. That leaves a group termed "the other 66 percent", in which their creativity is subjugated, ignored or wasted.

    (5) Creativity itself is not in danger. It is flourishing all around us - in science and technology, arts and culture, in our rapidly revitalizing cities. But we still have a long way to go if we want to build a truly creative society that supports and rewards creativity of each one of us.

    (Created for academic usage / 410 words)

    Answer the following questions, based on the passage above:

    1. (i)

      The central idea of this passage is that:

      1. (A)social interaction is necessary to nurture creativity.
      2. (B)creativity and ideas are gradually declining in all societies.
      3. (C)the creativity divide is widening in societies in line with socio-economic trends.
      4. (D)more people should work in jobs that engage their creative faculties.
      1 mark
    2. (ii)

      Select the option that is true for the assertion and reason given below:
      Assertion: Creativity is the province of great individual genius is not true.
      Reason: Creativity is a social process.

      1. (A)Both the Assertion and Reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation and assertion.
      2. (B)Both the Assertion and Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
      3. (C)The Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
      4. (D)The Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.
      1 mark
    3. (iii)

      Identify the word in paragraph 1 which means something that cannot be used-up or depleted.

      1 mark
    4. (iv)

      What important trends does a study tracking the decline in creative thinking ability in children reveal? Answer in about 40 words.

      2 marks
    5. (v)

      Read the given prompt and select the correct option in the brackets to fill in the blank.
      Our biggest creative breakthrough comes when people learn from, compete with, and collaborate with other people.
      Creativity is thus a ________ (economic, industrial, social) process.

      1 mark
    6. (vi)

      According to the passage, where does creativity thrive apart from arts and culture?

      1 mark
    7. (vii)

      Complete the following with a suitable reason:
      About thirty-three percent citizens engage their creative faculties in tasks that use ________.

      1 mark
    8. (viii)

      In the context of the last paragraph, explain how does the passage view the future of creativity in society.

      2 marks
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (i) A. The passage says creativity is fostered most by the presence of other creative people and is 'a social process'. Options B, C and D cover only side points.

      1 mark

    2. (ii) A. The Assertion is true because creativity is not limited to great geniuses. The Reason is true and explains it: since creativity is a social process, it grows through ordinary people learning from and collaborating with one another.

      1 mark

    3. (iii) inexhaustible (paragraph 1: 'the most inexhaustible one').

      1 mark

    4. (iv) The study shows creative thinking falling steeply with age. About 98% of 3–5 year olds show creative thinking, but only 10% of 13–15 year olds do. Among 25 year olds it is a mere 2%, so adulthood erodes innate creativity.

      2 marks

    5. (v) social

      1 mark

    6. (vi) Apart from arts and culture, creativity thrives in science and technology (and in rapidly revitalizing cities).

      1 mark

    7. (vii) About thirty-three percent of citizens engage their creative faculties in tasks that use their talents as artists, musicians, writers, techies, innovators, entrepreneurs, doctors, lawyers, journalists or educators (any one).

      1 mark

    8. (viii) The passage is optimistic: creativity itself is not in danger, as it is flourishing in science, technology, arts and cities. It adds that we still have a long way to go to build a truly creative society that supports and rewards everyone's creativity.

      2 marks

    Answer: (i) A; (ii) A; (iii) inexhaustible; (iv) 98% at 3–5 years falls to 10% at 13–15 and 2% at 25; (v) social; (vi) science and technology; (vii) any one creative occupation, e.g. arts, music, writing, innovation; (viii) creativity is not in danger, but a society that rewards everyone's creativity is yet to be built

    Where the marks are

    • (i) Correct option A (1 mark)
    • (ii) Correct option A (1 mark)
    • (iii) 'inexhaustible' (1 mark)
    • (iv) Any two figures/trends from the study (1+1 marks)
    • (v) 'social' (1 mark)
    • (vi) Science and technology (1 mark)
    • (vii) Any one valid creative field (1 mark)
    • (viii) Future is not in danger (1) and a truly creative society must still be built that rewards creativity (1)

    Open Q1 on its own page

  2. Q2 · 10 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedReading (unseen passages)

    Read the following text:

    (1) In today's contemporary online shopping landscape, a perfect storm of choice engulfs consumers. Research consistently indicates that individuals presented with a limited selection tend to make more confident and efficient decisions compared to those confronted with overwhelming choices.

    (2) Consequently, assisting consumers in navigating the vast expanse of options available online has evolved into a thriving industry on a global scale. Many brands and retailers now employ marketing strategies revolving around the aspects given in the table below:

    AspectDescription
    IndustryHelping consumers decide what to buy online.
    Marketing toolsSelecting, differentiation and discovery.
    Data utilizationDigital advertising, cataloging people by gender, income level, personal interests and more.
    Retail AssistanceAlgorithms, influencers and ad tech.
    ChallengeChoice fatigue due to the overwhelming volume of consumer choices.
    SolutionLifestyle influencers on Instagram providing aspirational content and product recommendations.

    (3) For a relatively new breed of consumer product startups, a different approach emerges entirely. Rather than attempting to navigate the existing sea of products, these companies claim to revolutionize conventional consumer choices. Some brands offer limited, functional, mid-priced products, instilling customer confidence and breaking the cycle of consumerism.

    (4) The global product abundance could be more equitable. Unfortunately, creators often prioritize wealthier consumers.

    (5) For startups promising accessible simplicity, their very structure may eventually lead them back to an overwhelming array of choices. Most of these companies rely on hundreds of millions of dollars in venture capital funding, and their inventors typically expect rapid growth.

    (Adapted for academic usage)

    Answer the following questions, based on the passage above:

    1. (i)

      What does the use of the phrase 'a perfect storm of choice', by the writer, in paragraph 1, tell us about their feelings?

      1. (A)The consumers are elated
      2. (B)The consumers are confused
      3. (C)The consumers are confident
      4. (D)The consumers are decisive
      1 mark
    2. (ii)

      Identify the word in paragraph 2, that indicates that the writer feels assisting consumers has become a profitable industry.

      1 mark
    3. (iii)

      Based on the aspects mentioned in the table, mention the marketing approach that is primarily concerned with understanding consumers based on various factors.

      1 mark
    4. (iv)

      Complete the following analogy approximately, based on your understanding of the table:
      Cataloging people by gender, income level, personal interests etc. is to Data utilization as Algorithms, influencers, and ad tech are to ________.

      1 mark
    5. (v)

      Which aspect in the table pertains to presenting consumers with carefully selected choices to assist decision-making?

      1. (A)Challenge
      2. (B)Data utilization
      3. (C)Marketing trends
      4. (D)Retail assistance
      1 mark
    6. (vi)

      Based on your understanding, fill the blank with the appropriate option from those given in brackets:
      The solution to combat choice fatigue to ________ (follow / employ / recommend) lifestyle influencers on Instagram who provide self-improving content and product references.

      1 mark
    7. (vii)

      Complete the sentence suitably:
      The different approach to revolutionise consumer choices is to ________.

      1 mark
    8. (viii)

      Complete the following with a suitable reason:
      The writer believes that the global product abundance cannot be equitable because ________.

      1 mark
    9. (ix)

      In the context of the last paragraph though the startups promise simplicity of access, what are the drawbacks of such a structure?

      2 marks
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (i) B. A 'perfect storm' of choice suggests turmoil, so the consumers are confused.

      1 mark

    2. (ii) thriving (a thriving industry means a flourishing, profitable one).

      1 mark

    3. (iii) Data utilization. The table links it to cataloguing people by gender, income and interests.

      1 mark

    4. (iv) Retail Assistance. The analogy matches each description to its aspect in the table.

      1 mark

    5. (v) C (Marketing trends, i.e. the 'Marketing tools' row: selecting, differentiation and discovery). These are the means of presenting carefully selected choices.

      1 mark

    6. (vi) follow. Consumers follow lifestyle influencers on Instagram.

      1 mark

    7. (vii) The different approach is to offer limited, functional, mid-priced products, instilling customer confidence and breaking the cycle of consumerism.

      1 mark

    8. (viii) The global product abundance cannot be equitable because creators often prioritise wealthier consumers.

      1 mark

    9. (ix) Such startups depend on hundreds of millions of dollars in venture capital funding. Their inventors expect rapid growth. Both pressures may push them back to an overwhelming array of choices, defeating the promised simplicity.

      2 marks

    Answer: (i) B; (ii) thriving; (iii) Data utilization; (iv) Retail Assistance; (v) C; (vi) follow; (vii) offer limited, functional, mid-priced products; (viii) creators often prioritise wealthier consumers; (ix) dependence on venture capital and expectation of rapid growth lead back to too many choices

    Where the marks are

    • (i) B (1 mark)
    • (ii) thriving (1 mark)
    • (iii) Data utilization (1 mark)
    • (iv) Retail Assistance (1 mark)
    • (v) C (1 mark)
    • (vi) follow (1 mark)
    • (vii) limited, functional, mid-priced products / customer confidence / breaking consumerism (1 mark)
    • (viii) creators prioritise wealthier consumers (1 mark)
    • (ix) Any two drawbacks: array of choices, venture capital reliance, rapid growth expectation (1+1 marks)

    Open Q2 on its own page

Section B

Grammar and Creative Writing Skills, 20 marks; Q3 grammar (complete any ten of twelve, 1 mark each), Q4 and Q5 creative writing with internal choice

  1. Q3 · 10 marks · GrammarGrammar

    Complete any ten of twelve of the following tasks, as directed:

    1. (i)

      Read the given sentence from a story. Fill in the blank by using the correct form of the word in the bracket:
      As I entered the room, the first thing that struck me as odd, was the candle still ________ (burn) on the table. The curtains had been drawn back and the room was bright.

      1 mark
    2. (ii)

      Identify and correct the error in the sentence taken from the article - 'The Hidden Health Risks of Bread Consumption'.
      Health experts worldwide are concerning about the surge in health problems.
      (Error | Correction table to be completed)

      1 mark
    3. (iii)

      Complete the given statement, by filling the blank with the correct option.
      A mask is used to hide the identity ________ a person.

      1. (A)of
      2. (B)for
      3. (C)being
      4. (D)at
      1 mark
    4. (iv)

      Read the following conversation:
      Student: Hello. I've come to ask about the English courses you run for international students.
      Administrator: Are you a student at the university?
      Select the correct option to complete the reporting of the above dialogue:
      The student greeted and mentioned that she ________ to inquire about the English courses for international students. The administrator enquired if she was a student at the university.

      1. (A)has come
      2. (B)has came
      3. (C)had came
      4. (D)had come
      1 mark
    5. (v)

      Identify the error and supply the correct word in the format given below:
      "Embrace change as an opportunity for personal growth and allowed it to improve your life."
      (Error | Correction table to be completed)

      1 mark
    6. (vi)

      Report the dialogue between a shopkeeper and Ramesh:
      Shopkeeper: What book do you want?
      Ramesh: A reference book for Physics which I can use for my project work.
      The shopkeeper asked Ramesh which book did he want. Ramesh replied that ________.

      1 mark
    7. (vii)

      Fill in the blank by choosing the correct option, to complete an article published in a science magazine.
      There are many inventions of science ________ (those / which / such) have benefitted human beings in many ways.

      1. (A)those
      2. (B)which
      3. (C)such
      1 mark
    8. (viii)

      Complete the statement made by a career counsellor by filling the blank with the correct option:
      In our country, ________ universities offer a range of courses. That's why foreign students prefer Indian universities.

      1. (A)more
      2. (B)each
      3. (C)many
      4. (D)few
      1 mark
    9. (ix)

      Report the dialogue between the residents' and the city planner, by completing the sentence:
      City planner: "The new park is a result of several months of research and planning."
      Residents: "We don't know who is more excited - we or our children!"
      The city planner said that the new park ________ of several months of research and planning. The residents expressed their excitement, stating that they were unsure who was more excited - they or their children.

      1 mark
    10. (x)

      Choose the correct statement:

      1. (A)He sweared that he had not stolen the bag.
      2. (B)He swore that he had not stolen the bag.
      3. (C)He was swearing that he had not stolen the bag.
      4. (D)He swears that he had not stolen the bag.
      1 mark
    11. (xi)

      The following is an excerpt from a travelogue:
      There is an error in the statement. Select the option that identifies the error and supplies the correction.
      Kanyakumari is popular for its beautiful beaches, unique Vivekananda Rock Memorial and stunning sunrise and sunset view.

      1. (A)Error: is | Correction: are
      2. (B)Error: for | Correction: of
      3. (C)Error: and | Correction: also
      4. (D)Error: view | Correction: views
      1 mark
    12. (xii)

      Fill in the blanks by choosing the correct options to conclude the report.
      The report concludes that ________ learners have ________ knowledge of astrophysics.

      1. (A)very few / some
      2. (B)some / every
      3. (C)every / no
      4. (D)no / a lot of
      1 mark
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (i) burning. A present participle is needed after 'candle still', describing the candle.

      1 mark

    2. (ii) Error: concerning; Correction: concerned. 'Are concerned about' is the correct passive-adjective form.

      1 mark

    3. (iii) A – of. We say 'the identity of a person'.

      1 mark

    4. (iv) D – had come. In reported speech the present perfect 'have come' changes to the past perfect 'had come'.

      1 mark

    5. (v) Error: allowed; Correction: allow. It must parallel 'Embrace' in an imperative sentence.

      1 mark

    6. (vi) He wanted a reference book for physics which he could use for his project work. ('can' becomes 'could' and the pronoun becomes 'he'.)

      1 mark

    7. (vii) B – which. The relative pronoun refers to 'inventions'.

      1 mark

    8. (viii) C – many. 'Many universities' is a countable plural, and the sentence says they offer a range of courses.

      1 mark

    9. (ix) was a result. The present 'is' becomes 'was' in reported speech.

      1 mark

    10. (x) B – He swore that he had not stolen the bag. The past tense of 'swear' is 'swore'.

      1 mark

    11. (xi) D – Error: view, Correction: views. 'Sunrise and sunset' are two things, so the noun must be plural.

    12. (xii) A – very few / some. The pair is logical: few learners have some knowledge.

    Answer: (i) burning; (ii) concerning→concerned; (iii) A; (iv) D; (v) allowed→allow; (vi) he wanted a reference book for physics which he could use for his project work; (vii) B; (viii) C; (ix) was a result; (x) B; (xi) D; (xii) A

    Where the marks are

    • Any ten of the twelve items correct, 1 mark each, no partial credit (10 marks)

    Open Q3 on its own page

  2. Answer one of these 2 alternatives.

    Q4(a) · 5 marks · WritingCompetency-basedWriting Skills

    Note: All details presented in the questions are imaginary and created for assessment purpose.

    You are Garima/Gopal, a resident of B/66, Mall Road, Guwahati and a volunteer of 'Greenpeace India'. Write a letter to the editor of 'National Times' expressing your concern about the grave and irreparable damage that environmental pollution is causing to the society. In megacities, rapid urbanization and rampant industrialization has played a key role in increasing the pressure on the limited resources.

    Discuss how environmental degradation can be curbed with the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations and policies.

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Format: sender's address (B/66, Mall Road, Guwahati) and date at the top; then 'The Editor, National Times, [city]'; subject line 'Subject: Curbing environmental pollution'; salutation 'Sir/Madam,'; closing 'Yours faithfully, Garima/Gopal, Volunteer, Greenpeace India'.

      1 mark

    2. Body, para 1 (concern): I write as a volunteer of Greenpeace India to express deep concern over the grave and irreparable damage that pollution is causing to society. In our megacities, rapid urbanization and rampant industrialization have placed unprecedented pressure on limited resources. Polluted air and water now harm the health and well-being of residents.

      1 mark

    3. Body, para 2 (solutions): Degradation can be curbed only through firm environmental laws and their strict enforcement. Industries must follow pollution-control norms, with heavy penalties for violators. Governments should promote renewable energy and offer incentives for eco-friendly practices. Awareness campaigns and environmental education in schools are also needed, and authorities must be held accountable. I request you to publish this letter so that citizens and policymakers act in time.

      1 mark

    4. Organisation and accuracy: ideas are in a logical order, in formal tone and paragraphs, with correct spelling, punctuation and grammar.

      2 marks

    Answer: A formal letter to the editor with correct format, relevant content on the damage caused by pollution and on laws, enforcement, renewable energy, awareness and accountability, written in formal and accurate language.

    Where the marks are

    • Correct format: sender's address, date, receiver, subject, salutation, close (1 mark)
    • Content: any two value points covered relevantly (2 marks)
    • Organisation of ideas, formal tone, paragraphs (1 mark)
    • Accuracy of spelling, punctuation and grammar (1 mark)

    Open Q4(a) on its own page

    OR

    Q4(b) · 5 marks · WritingCompetency-basedWriting Skills

    Obesity has become a global issue. The lack of physical fitness programmes and extra-curriculars has created significant problems that could affect future health of youngsters. 39 percent of individuals around the world are overweight and 13 percent are obese. You are Shiksha/Sumit of Ramjas School, Ranchi. You believe that efforts by the government will help to turn the tide.

    Write a letter to the Ministry of Health for implementing compulsory programmes at school level to emphasize need for proper nutrition and fitness from a young age.

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Format: sender's address (Ramjas School, Ranchi) and date; then 'The Secretary/Minister, Ministry of Health, New Delhi'; subject 'Compulsory nutrition and fitness programmes in schools'; salutation 'Sir/Madam,'; closing 'Yours faithfully, Shiksha/Sumit'.

      1 mark

    2. Body, para 1 (problem): Obesity has become a global issue. About 39 percent of people worldwide are overweight and 13 percent are obese. The lack of physical fitness programmes and extra-curriculars in schools threatens the future health of youngsters.

      1 mark

    3. Body, para 2 (proposals): I request the Ministry to make nutrition and fitness programmes compulsory in schools. Schools should hold awareness workshops with parents and authorities and promote a culture of healthy eating. A daily physical training period should be fixed, and one sport made mandatory for every child. Early action by the government will turn the tide.

      1 mark

    4. Organisation and accuracy: formal tone, logical order and paragraphs, with correct spelling, punctuation and grammar.

      2 marks

    Answer: A formal letter to the Ministry of Health in correct format, citing the obesity statistics and urging compulsory school nutrition and fitness programmes, in accurate formal language.

    Where the marks are

    • Format: addresses, date, subject, salutation, close (1 mark)
    • Content: any two relevant value points (2 marks)
    • Organisation of ideas and formal tone (1 mark)
    • Accuracy (1 mark)

    Open Q4(b) on its own page

  3. Answer one of these 2 alternatives.

    Q5(a) · 5 marks · WritingCompetency-basedWriting Skills

    The Pros and Cons of using the internet in everyday life are numerous. The internet is like a double-edged sword. Based on the information provided in the table below, write an analytical paragraph on the topic 'Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet' in not less than 120 words.

    Pros and Cons of Internet

    ProsCons
    (1) Connectivity(1) Data Security
    (2) Communication speed and versatile working(2) Social Isolation
    (3) Learning Re-defined(3) Addiction towards it
    (4) Transfer of Data(4) Plagiarism and copyright
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Pros (content, 2 marks): The internet is a double-edged sword with many advantages and disadvantages. On the positive side, it provides connectivity, bringing people across the world together at the click of a button. Communication is fast, and it allows versatile ways of working from anywhere. Learning has been redefined, as students can access countless resources and online classes. Data can be transferred instantly and conveniently.

      2 marks

    2. Cons (content, 2 marks): However, there are serious drawbacks. Data security is at risk because personal information can be hacked or misused. In contrast to its promise of connection, it leads to social isolation, as people prefer screens to real interaction. Many become addicted to it, which harms health and studies. In addition, plagiarism and copyright violations are rising because content is copied easily. Therefore, the internet should be used wisely and with responsibility, so that its benefits outweigh its harms. (about 125 words in all, in a single paragraph with linking words)

      2 marks

    3. Accuracy: correct spelling, punctuation and grammar, with a single paragraph of at least 120 words and a concluding inference.

      1 mark

    Answer: A single analytical paragraph of at least 120 words covering all four pros and all four cons from the table, with linking words and a concluding inference.

    Where the marks are

    • All four pros covered (2 marks; 1 mark if only two points are given across pros and cons)
    • All four cons covered (see content marking: 2 marks for full coverage)
    • Organisation: single paragraph, linking words, formal tone (2 marks)
    • Accuracy of spelling, punctuation and grammar (1 mark)

    Open Q5(a) on its own page

    OR

    Q5(b) · 5 marks · WritingCompetency-basedWriting Skills

    Read the following details:
    Students today are becoming victims of cyber-crime and cyber bullying in schools, which is affecting the mental health of students.
    Write an analytical paragraph in 120 words on the problems and causes of cyber-crimes.

    ⇒ Misuse of Information Technology with the intention to trouble others.
    ⇒ It comes in various forms - hacking, negative comments - spreading rumours
    Impact - spoils image, self-doubt, results in insecurities and complexes.
    Causes - desire of power, seeking entertainment, escapism, inadequate regulations.

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Meaning and forms (content): Cyber-crime is the misuse of information technology with the intention of troubling others. It takes many forms, such as hacking, posting negative comments and spreading rumours about students online.

      1 mark

    2. Impact and causes (content): Its impact is serious. It spoils a victim's image, creates self-doubt and leaves insecurities and complexes, which affect mental health. The main causes are a desire for power, seeking entertainment, escapism and inadequate regulations. Thus, bullies feel they can act without being caught. We can infer that strict laws, school awareness and responsible use of technology are essential to protect students. (about 120 words, in a single paragraph with linking words)

      1 mark

    3. Organisation of ideas: one paragraph, formal tone, linking words such as 'however', 'therefore' and 'in addition', with an inference drawn.

      2 marks

    4. Accuracy: correct spelling, punctuation and grammar.

      1 mark

    Answer: A single analytical paragraph of about 120 words covering the meaning, forms, impact and causes of cyber-crime, ending with an inference.

    Where the marks are

    • Content: all value points (meaning, forms, impact, causes) covered (2 marks; 1 mark if only two are covered)
    • Organisation: single paragraph, linking words, formal tone, inference drawn (2 marks)
    • Accuracy (1 mark)

    Open Q5(b) on its own page

Section C

Literature Textbook, 40 marks; Q6 and Q7 extract-based with internal choice, Q8 and Q9 with choice of answers, Q10 and Q11 with internal choice

  1. Answer one of these 2 alternatives.

    Q6(a) · 5 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedNelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom

    Read the given extracts and answer the questions for any one of the two given.

    It is from these comrades in the struggle that I learned the true meaning of courage. Time and again, I have seen men and women risk and give up their lives for an idea. I have seen men and women stand up to attacks and torture without breaking, showing a strength and resilience that defies the imagination. I learned that courage was not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear.

    (Nelson Mandela: A Long Walk to Freedom)

    1. (i)

      What effect does the experience as described in the lines below have on the speaker?
      Time and again, I have seen men and women risk their lives for an idea.

      1 mark
    2. (ii)

      Select one inference about the idea of courage from the given context:
      I learned that courage was not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it.

      1. (A)being fearless
      2. (B)absence of fear
      3. (C)feeding your fears
      4. (D)ability to overcome fear
      1 mark
    3. (iii)

      Answer in about 40 words, with reference to the extract:
      According to the author, what does true courage entail? How does this perspective differ from a common misconception about courage?

      2 marks
    4. (iv)

      Fill in the blank with the correct phrase from the bracket in the context of the given extract:
      Men stood up to torture showing strength and resilience that is ________ (impossible to understand / seeped in reality).

      1 mark
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (i) The experience made the speaker realise the true meaning of courage (resilience and strength, and conquering fear).

      1 mark

    2. (ii) D – ability to overcome fear. Courage is the triumph over fear, not its absence.

      1 mark

    3. (iii) True courage means conquering fear: the brave person feels afraid but triumphs over the fear. The common misconception is that courage is the absence of fear. The author instead stresses that courage lies in facing and overcoming fear, not avoiding it.

      2 marks

    4. (iv) impossible to understand. The strength 'defies the imagination'.

      1 mark

    Answer: (i) He learned the true meaning of courage; (ii) D; (iii) true courage is triumph over fear, not its absence; (iv) impossible to understand

    Where the marks are

    • (i) Realisation of the meaning of courage/resilience (1 mark)
    • (ii) D (1 mark)
    • (iii) Courage is triumph over fear (1) and differs from the misconception that it is the absence of fear (1)
    • (iv) impossible to understand (1 mark)

    Open Q6(a) on its own page

    OR

    Q6(b) · 5 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedThe Thief's Story

    There was a fifty rupee note between his fingers. My heart sank. I thought I had been discovered. "I made some money yesterday," he explained. "Now you'll be paid regularly." My spirits rose. But when I took the note, I saw it was still wet from the night's rain. "Today we'll start writing sentences," he said.
    He knew. But neither his lips nor his eyes showed anything.

    (The Thief's Story)

    1. (i)

      In the context of the given extract:
      What was the feelings UNLIKELY to have been on seeing 'a fifty rupee note between his fingers'?

      1. (A)joyous
      2. (B)sad
      3. (C)unhappy
      4. (D)worried
      1 mark
    2. (ii)

      How does the prospect of being paid regularly affect the narrator's motivation and hope for the future? Answer in about 40 words.

      2 marks
    3. (iii)

      Fill in the blank with the correct word from the bracket:
      The person spoken about did not let the narrator realise that his act of stealing was caught. It reflects the ________ (nobility / dishonesty) of his character.

      1 mark
    4. (iv)

      Compare the meanings of the expressions: "My heart sank", and "My spirits rose".

      1 mark
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (i) A – joyous. The narrator thought he had been discovered, so his feeling was fear and worry, not joy.

      1 mark

    2. (ii) The prospect of regular pay lifts the narrator's spirits and motivation and changes his outlook positively. It gives him hope of being educated by Anil and of finding a respectable place in society.

      2 marks

    3. (iii) nobility. Anil kept silent and showed no sign that he knew, which reflects his noble character.

      1 mark

    4. (iv) 'My heart sank' expresses disappointment, worry or fear. 'My spirits rose' expresses a hopeful, optimistic and positive state of mind.

      1 mark

    Answer: (i) A; (ii) regular pay raises his motivation and hope of education and a respectable life; (iii) nobility; (iv) 'heart sank' means fear or disappointment, 'spirits rose' means hope or joy

    Where the marks are

    • (i) A (1 mark)
    • (ii) Any two points: raised motivation, positive outlook, hope of education, respectable place in society (1+1 marks)
    • (iii) nobility (1 mark)
    • (iv) Contrast of the two expressions (½ + ½ marks)

    Open Q6(b) on its own page

  2. Answer one of these 2 alternatives.

    Q7(a) · 5 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedThe Trees

    Read the given extracts and answer the questions for any ONE of the given two.

    My head is full of whispers
    which tomorrow will be silent.
    Listen. The glass is breaking.
    The trees are stumbling forward
    into the night. Winds rush to meet them.
    The moon is broken like a mirror,
    its pieces flash now in the crown
    of the tallest oak.

    (The Trees)

    1. (i)

      The metaphorical expression used by the poet to describe the movement of the trees is ________.

      1 mark
    2. (ii)

      Based on the tone, discuss how Adrienne Rich presents the conflict between man and nature.

      2 marks
    3. (iii)

      What is the mood or atmosphere conveyed by the imagery in the passage?

      1. (A)Calm and tranquil
      2. (B)Eerie and foreboding
      3. (C)Joyful and celebratory
      4. (D)Melancholic and traumatic
      1 mark
    4. (iv)

      Why would the whispers be silent tomorrow?

      1 mark
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (i) The metaphor is 'stumbling forward': the trees are shown as living beings struggling to move ahead.

      1 mark

    2. (ii) The tone is eerie and tense. Glass, a man-made barrier, breaks as the trees push out of the house. This shows nature straining to escape human confinement and the discord between human life and the natural world.

      2 marks

    3. (iii) (B) Eerie and foreboding. The breaking glass, the stumbling trees, the rushing winds and the broken moon create an uneasy, ominous mood.

      1 mark

    4. (iv) The whispers would be silent because the trees will have moved out of the house into the forest, so the restless murmurs inside the house will end.

      1 mark

    Answer: (i) stumbling forward; (ii) tense tone shows nature struggling against man-made confinement; (iii) B; (iv) the trees will have moved out into the forest

    Where the marks are

    • Identifies 'stumbling forward' (1 mark)
    • Two points on the conflict: tone, glass as barrier, trees breaking free (2 marks)
    • Chooses option B (1 mark)
    • States that the trees move out into the forest (1 mark)

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    OR

    Q7(b) · 5 marks · Reading comprehensionCompetency-basedAmanda!

    (I am Rapunzel, I have not care;
    life in a tower is tranquil and rare;
    I'll certainly never let down my bright hair!)
    Stop that sulking at once, Amanda!
    You're always so moody, Amanda!
    Anyone would think that I nagged at you,
    Amanda!

    (Amanda)

    1. (i)

      Complete the following suitably:
      Amanda sulked and became moody because ________.

      1 mark
    2. (ii)

      What does the girl constantly yearn for? What do you pattern about Amanda from the poem?

      2 marks
    3. (iii)

      What kind of picture is painted by the poet through the line, "life in a tower is tranquil and rare"?

      1 mark
    4. (iv)

      The tone of the speaker in the exclamation "Stop that sulking at once, Amanda!" is:
      1. uncertain 2. aggressive 3. dominating 4. meek 5. moody

      1. (A)1, 2, 4
      2. (B)2 and 3
      3. (C)2, 4 and 5
      4. (D)4 and 5
      1 mark
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (i) Amanda sulked and became moody because her mother gave her too many instructions and kept nagging her. She did not want to follow them but dared not ignore them.

      1 mark

    2. (ii) She yearns for freedom, peace and independence, a life of solitude. We learn that Amanda is unhappy and discontented, and wants to be left alone, away from scolding.

      2 marks

    3. (iii) The line paints a picture of a peaceful, silent, solitary place, far from the noise of constant control.

      1 mark

    4. (iv) (B) 2 and 3. The command is harsh and bossy, so the tone is aggressive and dominating.

      1 mark

    Answer: (i) of her mother's constant instructions; (ii) freedom and peace; Amanda is unhappy and discontented; (iii) peace and solitude; (iv) B

    Where the marks are

    • Reason: too many instructions from her mother (1 mark)
    • Yearns for freedom or peace, and Amanda is unhappy (1+1 marks)
    • Picture of peace or solitude (1 mark)
    • Option B (1 mark)

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  3. Q8 · 12 marks · Long answerThe Sermon at Benares

    Answer any four of the following five questions in about 40-50 words.

    1. (i)

      "Not from weeping or from grieving will anyone obtain peace of mind; on the contrary his pain will be greater and his body will suffer."
      Validate this preaching of Buddha with reference to the story 'A Sermon at Benares'. (A Sermon at Benaras)

      3 marks
    2. (ii)

      'The Ball Poem' deals with the undertones of loss and responsibility. How is the poem very relatable to our lives and what important message/s do we learn from it? (The Ball Poem)

      3 marks
    3. (iii)

      The story, 'Mijbil the Otter', has it all - emotions, humour, certain surprising incidents and the freshness of a new and unique type of story. Explain how Maxwell has highlighted these in his story. (Mijbil - The Otter)

      3 marks
    4. (iv)

      "He was not falling headlong now. He was soaring gradually downwards and outwards, he was no longer afraid." Describe the young seagull's feelings, emotions and experiences, just before this moment. (Two Stories about Flying)

      3 marks
    5. (v)

      The idea of beauty is a one-dimensional cultural conception or one that has been created by human beings themselves. Comment on the statement with reference to the conventional ideas of beauty in the poem 'For Anne Gregory'. (For Anne Gregory)

      3 marks
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (i) Buddha says that grief and weeping bring no peace. They only increase pain and make a person sick and pale. In the sermon, Kisa Gotami learns that death comes to every house, so one who seeks peace should pull out the arrow of lamentation and accept the truth.

      3 marks

    2. (ii) The poem shows a boy's grief at losing his ball. It teaches him his first lesson in responsibility. Everyone suffers losses, and we learn that nothing material is permanent. Money cannot replace the feeling of loss, but one must accept it and move on.

      3 marks

    3. (iii) Maxwell writes with emotion about his bond with Mijbil, who slept entangled with him, and his sadness at seeing him bleeding in the cage. There is humour in Mijbil splashing in the bathroom and causing chaos on the plane. People mistook him for a walrus or a squirrel. Mijbil also invented his own games, which keeps the story fresh.

      3 marks

    4. (iv) The young seagull was terrified of his first flight and of the vast sea below. He doubted that his wings would hold him. His family had left him alone. He stayed staring, hungry, because he could not fly to get food. Then, pushed by his mother's food and his own hunger, he leapt and found he could glide.

      3 marks

    Answer: Any four sub-parts answered; (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) are shown above.

    Where the marks are

    • Each sub-part: two relevant value points (2 marks) and expression (1 mark), 3 marks each for any four

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  4. Q9 · 6 marks · Short answerThe Midnight Visitor

    Answer any two out of the three questions, in about 40-50 words:

    1. (i)

      Examine the witty strategy used by Ausable in emerging as a super spy. (The Midnight Visitor)

      3 marks
    2. (ii)

      'The Necklace' is a lesson in discontentment and unreasonable materialism. In light of the preceding statement, discuss Matilda's greatest failing. (The Necklace)

      3 marks
    3. (iii)

      Think-tank excelled in misinterpreting and mispresenting things. Do you agree? Justify giving appropriate reasons. (The Book that Saved the Earth)

      3 marks
    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. (i) Ausable stayed calm while held at gunpoint and used great presence of mind. He flattered Max with a made-up story of a balcony escape route and lied about the waiter. This let him outwit the rival spy Max and emerge as a super spy.

      3 marks

    2. (ii) Matilda's greatest failing is that she cannot appreciate what she has. She is discontented with her house, her husband and her life, and craves luxury. Her vanity makes her borrow a costly necklace to impress others at a party, which leads to her ruin.

      3 marks

    Answer: Any two sub-parts answered; (i) and (ii) are shown above.

    Where the marks are

    • Each sub-part: two value points (2 marks) and expression (1 mark), 3 marks each for any two

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  5. Answer one of these 2 alternatives.

    Q10(a) · 6 marks · Long answerDust of Snow

    Answer any one of the following questions, in 100-120 words.

    Examine the role of Nature in the poems 'The Dust of Snow' and 'Fog'.

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. In 'Dust of Snow', nature acts as a transforming force. A crow shakes dust of snow from a hemlock tree onto the speaker. This small, unplanned act changes his mood from regret and gloom to cheer, and saves part of a day he had rued.

      3 marks

    2. In 'Fog', nature appears mysterious and playful. The fog arrives silently, like a cat on little feet. It overshadows the city and affects human emotions, suggesting change and renewal.

      2 marks

    3. Both poems show nature's power to affect human feeling. The language is clear and the sentences are well connected, with correct spelling and grammar.

      1 mark

    Answer: In both poems nature influences human mood: the crow's snow lifts the speaker's gloom, and the fog arrives like a silent cat, affecting the city.

    Where the marks are

    • At least one value point from each poem (3 marks)
    • Expression, style and coherence (2 marks)
    • Accuracy (1 mark)

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    OR

    Q10(b) · 6 marks · Long answerFrom the Diary of Anne Frank

    The journeys of Anne Frank and Valli teach us the vital lesson that optimism and self-assurance empower women to rise above circumstances and overcome obstacles. Examine the similarities.

    (Diary of Anne Frank & Madam Rides the Bus)

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Anne Frank stays optimistic in hiding during the Holocaust. She remains hopeful about the future and makes her diary her true friend, since she has no real friend. Valli, though young, shows confidence and determination as she sets out for the town.

      3 marks

    2. Both are self-assured and mature beyond their years. Valli plans her journey meticulously and stays independent despite limited resources. Anne answers her teacher's punishment with witty essays and wins him over.

      2 marks

    3. Both teach that optimism and self-belief help women overcome their circumstances. The answer is coherent, in correct language.

      1 mark

    Answer: Both Anne and Valli show optimism, self-assurance and maturity, which help them rise above their circumstances.

    Where the marks are

    • Value points from both lessons (3 marks)
    • Expression and coherence (2 marks)
    • Accuracy (1 mark)

    Open Q10(b) on its own page

  6. Answer one of these 2 alternatives.

    Q11(a) · 6 marks · Long answerCompetency-basedThe Making of a Scientist

    Answer any one of the following two questions in about 100-120 words.

    Ebright's journey of becoming a leading scientist conveys a strong message to us. His inquisitiveness and competency drove him to become a great scientist. In what manner does Richard Ebright's perseverance, dedication and inquisitiveness inspire you to pursue your dreams? (The Making of a Scientist)

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Ebright was inquisitive from childhood. By grade two he had collected all 25 species of butterfly. He was a straight-A student. He did not give up after losing at the county fair. He continued his experiments on butterflies and found the gold-spot hormone and the cell theory.

      3 marks

    2. His unwavering commitment to scientific inquiry and his refusal to give up despite setbacks inspire me to follow my dreams. His ability to overcome obstacles shows that curiosity and hard work lead to success.

      2 marks

    3. The answer is well organised, in correct language, with accurate spelling and grammar.

      1 mark

    Answer: Ebright's curiosity, hard work and persistence inspire me to stay dedicated and not give up in pursuing my dreams.

    Where the marks are

    • Three value points on his curiosity, achievements and persistence (3 marks)
    • Expression (2 marks)
    • Accuracy (1 mark)

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    OR

    Q11(b) · 6 marks · Long answerBholi

    It is truly said that a good teacher is the light that helps one cross even the darkest of paths through honing their inherent qualities which enable them to shine bright and strong in life. In what ways, does Sulekha's teacher epitomize this saying? How did she become the pillar of support and strength for Sulekha? (Bholi)

    Try it first, then show our solutionSolution

    1. Bholi's teacher recognises her inherent qualities and treats her with patience and compassion. She encourages Bholi to overcome her stammering and fear. She boosts her confidence and tells her that one day she will be more learned than anyone in the village.

      3 marks

    2. She tells Bholi to come daily to school and teaches her self-acceptance. She becomes Bholi's pillar of support. Bholi grows independent, stands up against an unfair marriage and becomes a teacher like her.

      2 marks

    3. The answer is well organised, in correct language, with accurate spelling and grammar.

      1 mark

    Answer: The teacher's patience and encouragement build Bholi's confidence, cure her stammer and make her independent and strong.

    Where the marks are

    • Three value points on the teacher's qualities and support (3 marks)
    • Expression (2 marks)
    • Accuracy (1 mark)

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Source: official question paper, cbse.gov.in. Chapter tags and solutions are ours. Spotted a transcription error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.