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Answer the following. (Class 12 Economics 2026, Q32)

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EconomicsCBSE Class 12 · Board exam 2026, set 58/1/1 · 4 marks · Case-based

CBSE Class 12 Economics 2026: question 32

Set in the CBSE Class 12 board exam of 2026, paper 58/1/1, section B, question 32, for 4 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q32 · 4 marks · Case-basedCompetency-basedEmployment: Growth, Informalisation and Other Issues

Answer the following.

  1. (A)

    State the meaning of ‘Disguised Unemployment’.

    1 mark
  2. (B)

    In the light of the given chart, analyse the gender-wise sectoral distribution of workers.

    Chart: Sector-wise Gender Distribution of Workers (%), male vs female workers.

    3 marks

Figure in the paper: Bar chart 'Sector-wise Gender Distribution of Workers (%)' with y-axis 'Percentage of Workers' (0-80) and x-axis 'Sectors': Manufacturing, Construction, Trade, Transport, Education, Health, Accommodation & Restaurant, IT/BPOs, Financial Services. Hatched bars = male workers, vertically-lined bars = female workers. Approx. male/female: Manufacturing 77/22, Construction 83/16, Trade 76/23, Transport 86/13, Education 55/44, Health 48/50, Accommodation & Restaurant 76/23, IT/BPOs 61/37, Financial Services 61/37. See it in the official paper.

Source: official question paper from cbse.gov.in (PDF). See it in the full 2026 board paper, set 58/1/1.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

Compare the two bars sector by sector.

Hint 2

Which sectors have the female bar close to the male one?

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. (A) Disguised unemployment is a situation where more people are engaged in work than needed: they appear to be employed but their marginal productivity is zero, so removing them would not reduce output.

    1 mark

  2. (B) Male workers dominate most sectors: in manufacturing (about 77% vs 22%), construction (about 83% vs 16%), trade, transport (about 86% vs 13%) and accommodation & restaurants, men are three to six times as many as women.

    1 mark

  3. (B) Female participation is lowest in construction and transport, showing gender inequality in these physically demanding or male-dominated fields.

    1 mark

  4. (B) Education and health show a balanced distribution (health about 50% female vs 48% male; education about 44% vs 55%), and IT/BPOs and financial services have moderate female shares (about 37%).

    1 mark

Answer: (A) Disguised unemployment: workers whose marginal productivity is zero. (B) Men dominate most sectors, women are fewest in construction and transport, and education and health are nearly balanced.

Where the marks are

  • Meaning of disguised unemployment (1)
  • Male dominance in most sectors (1)
  • Low female share in construction/transport (1)
  • Balance in education and health (1)

Revise the chapter

Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Employment: Growth, Informalisation and Other Issues, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paper2026 board paper, set 58/1/1: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.