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Answer the following. (Class 12 Economics SQP 2024-25, Q34A)

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EconomicsCBSE Class 12 · Sample paper, session 2024-25 · 6 marks · Long answer

CBSE Class 12 Economics sample paper 2024-25: question 34(A)

From the official CBSE sample question paper for 2024-25, section B, question 34(A), for 6 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q34(A) · 6 marks · Long answerIndian Economy 1950-1990

Answer the following.

  1. (I)

    ‘Under the Industrial Policy Resolution (IPR) 1956 in India, the system of industrial licensing was introduced to promote regional equality.’
    Justify the given statement with valid arguments.

    4 marks
  2. (II)

    Discuss briefly the estimates made by notable scholars regarding the national income and per capita income during the colonial rule in India.

    2 marks

Source: official sample paper from cbseacademic.nic.in (PDF). See it in the full Sample paper 2024-25.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

What did an industrialist need before opening a factory?

Hint 2

Name the scholar whose estimates were considered most significant.

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. (I) Under IPR 1956, some industries were left for the private sector, but the private sector was kept under state control through licences: no new industry could be set up (or expanded) without a government licence.

    2 marks

  2. (I) Licences were easier to obtain if the unit was set up in an economically backward area, and such units got benefits like tax holidays and electricity at lower tariffs. This spread industries to backward regions, promoting regional equality.

    2 marks

  3. (II) Scholars such as Dadabhai Naoroji, William Digby, Findlay Shirras, V.K.R.V. Rao and R.C. Desai estimated national and per capita income in colonial times; V.K.R.V. Rao's estimates were the most significant.

    1 mark

  4. (II) Most studies found that real output grew by less than 2% a year in the first half of the 20th century and per capita output by only about 0.5% a year.

    1 mark

Answer: (I) Licensing kept private industry under control and favoured backward areas (tax holidays, cheaper power), promoting regional equality. (II) Naoroji, Digby, Shirras, Rao, Desai: output growth < 2%, per capita about 0.5%.

Where the marks are

  • Licensing and regional equality (4)
  • Scholars and estimates (2)

Revise the chapter

Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Indian Economy 1950-1990, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paperSample paper 2024-25: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.