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Study the picture given below… (Class 10 Science 2024, Q33)

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ScienceCBSE Class 10 · Board exam 2024, set 31/4/1 · 3 marks · Short answer

CBSE Class 10 Science 2024: question 33

Set in the CBSE Class 10 board exam of 2024, paper 31/4/1, section C, question 33, for 3 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q33 · 3 marks · Short answerCompetency-basedOur Environment

Study the picture given below showing three food chains (a), (b) and (c) and answer the following questions :
(i) Name the type of ecosystems that exist in food chains (b) and (c).
(ii) The first trophic level in all food chains are producers. Why ? What percentage of solar energy do these producers capture for their use ?
(iii) Why are the arrows shown in the diagram in one direction only and not vice versa ? Justify.

Figure in the paper: Three food chains labelled (a), (b) and (c). (a): trees/plants → deer → tiger. (b): cactus-like plant → grasshopper → frog → snake → eagle/vulture (bird at top). (c): leafy plants → scorpion → fish → heron (bird at top). Arrows point upward from each organism to the one that eats it. See it in the official paper.

Source: official question paper from cbse.gov.in (PDF). See it in the full 2024 board paper, set 31/4/1.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

Look at where the organisms in each chain live (fish and heron, grasshopper and frog).

Hint 2

Which organisms can make food using sunlight? Recall the percentage given in NCERT.

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. (i) Food chain (b) belongs to a terrestrial (grassland/cropland) ecosystem.

    ½ mark

  2. (i) Food chain (c) belongs to an aquatic (pond) ecosystem.

    ½ mark

  3. (ii) Producers (green plants) are the first trophic level because only they can capture solar energy and convert it into chemical energy (food) by photosynthesis. All other organisms depend on them for food.

    ½ mark

  4. (ii) Producers capture about 1% of the solar energy falling on the leaves.

    ½ mark

  5. (iii) The arrows point in one direction because the flow of energy is unidirectional.

    ½ mark

  6. (iii) Justification: energy that passes from one trophic level to the next (for example, from plants to herbivores) does not come back to the previous level.

    ½ mark

Answer: (i) (b) terrestrial/grassland, (c) aquatic/pond; (ii) producers convert solar energy into chemical energy, capturing about 1%; (iii) energy flow is unidirectional and cannot revert.

Where the marks are

  • (b) terrestrial/grassland (½ mark)
  • (c) aquatic/pond (½ mark)
  • Producers convert solar energy into chemical energy (½ mark)
  • About 1% of solar energy is captured (½ mark)
  • Energy flow is one-directional (½ mark)
  • Energy does not go back to the previous level (½ mark)

Revise the chapter

  • Chapter: Our Environment (notes, formulas, where marks are lost and every past question)
Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Our Environment, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paper2024 board paper, set 31/4/1: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.