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State one role of each of the… (Class 10 Science 2024, Q22)

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ScienceCBSE Class 10 · Board exam 2024, set 31/1/1 · 2 marks · Very short answer

CBSE Class 10 Science 2024: question 22

Set in the CBSE Class 10 board exam of 2024, paper 31/1/1, section B, question 22, for 2 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q22 · 2 marks · Very short answerLife Processes

State one role of each of the following in human digestive system :
(i) Hydrochloric acid
(ii) Villi
(iii) Anal Sphincter
(iv) Lipase

Source: official question paper from cbse.gov.in (PDF). See it in the full 2024 board paper, set 31/1/1.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

Think about where each one is found: stomach, small intestine, anus, pancreatic juice.

Hint 2

Pepsin works only in one kind of medium; villi help in absorption; lipase acts on one class of food.

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. (i) Hydrochloric acid: makes the medium in the stomach acidic so that the enzyme pepsin can act. It also kills germs that come in with food.

    ½ mark

  2. (ii) Villi: these finger-like projections increase the surface area of the small intestine for absorption of digested food.

    ½ mark

  3. (iii) Anal sphincter: controls (regulates) the exit of waste material (faeces) through the anus.

    ½ mark

  4. (iv) Lipase: breaks down emulsified fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

    ½ mark

Answer: HCl: acidic medium for pepsin / kills germs; Villi: increase surface area for absorption; Anal sphincter: regulates egestion; Lipase: digests emulsified fats

Where the marks are

  • Role of HCl: acidic medium for enzyme action or kills microbes (½ mark)
  • Role of villi: increase surface area for absorption (½ mark)
  • Role of anal sphincter: regulates exit of waste (½ mark)
  • Role of lipase: digests emulsified fats (½ mark)

Revise the chapter

  • Chapter: Life Processes (notes, formulas, where marks are lost and every past question)
Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Life Processes, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paper2024 board paper, set 31/1/1: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.