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Neha consumed boiled… (Class 10 Science SQP 2025-26, Q15)

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ScienceCBSE Class 10 · Sample paper, session 2025-26 · 4 marks · Case-based

CBSE Class 10 Science sample paper 2025-26: question 15

From the official CBSE sample question paper for 2025-26, section A, question 15, for 4 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q15 · 4 marks · Case-basedCompetency-basedLife Processes

Neha consumed boiled sweet potatoes and boiled eggs for breakfast. Help her to understand some steps in the process of digestion of the food taken by her by answering the questions given below.

  1. A

    Which of these food items is rich in proteins? In which part of the alimentary canal is the digestion of this component initiated? Name the enzymes, conditions required and the glands associated with the digestion here.

    0 marks

  2. OR

    B

    Which of these food items contains fats? How is it digested?

    0 marks
  3. C

    Which of these food items is rich in starch? How is its digestion initiated?

    0 marks
  4. D

    The figure given below represents parts of the human alimentary canal. Which of these parts will have the maximum amount of digested food as soon as the process of digestion is completed?

    0 marks

Figure in the paper: Figure of the human alimentary canal (outline of human body with digestive organs). Labels: L points to the mouth/oral cavity region at the top; M points to the oesophagus (food pipe) running down the neck and chest; N points to the stomach region; O points to the small intestine (coiled region); P points to the large intestine/rectum at the lower end. See it in the official paper.

Source: official sample paper from cbseacademic.nic.in (PDF). See it in the full Sample paper 2025-26.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

Match each food to its main nutrient: eggs and sweet potatoes.

Hint 2

Recall where each nutrient's digestion starts: mouth, stomach or small intestine.

Hint 3

Which enzyme needs an acidic medium, and which juice emulsifies fat?

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. A: Boiled eggs are rich in proteins. Protein digestion begins in the stomach.

    1 mark

  2. A (contd.): Gastric glands in the stomach wall release hydrochloric acid, the enzyme pepsin and mucus. The HCl makes the medium acidic, which pepsin needs in order to digest proteins. The mucus protects the stomach lining from the acid.

    1 mark

  3. B (alternative to A; carries the same 2 marks): Eggs (the yolk) contain fats. In the small intestine, bile from the liver makes the medium alkaline and breaks large fat globules into smaller ones (emulsification). The enzyme lipase from the pancreas, together with intestinal lipase, then digests the emulsified fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

  4. C: Sweet potatoes are rich in starch. Digestion of starch starts in the mouth, where the salivary glands secrete saliva containing salivary amylase. This enzyme breaks starch down into sugar.

    1 mark

  5. D: The small intestine (part O) will hold the maximum amount of digested food, because the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats is completed there.

    1 mark

  6. D (for visually impaired students, alternative to D): The inner lining of the small intestine has many finger-like projections called villi. These increase the surface area, and the digested food is absorbed through them into the blood.

Answer: A: Eggs; stomach; gastric glands release HCl (acidic medium), pepsin and mucus. B: Eggs; bile emulsifies fats, pancreatic lipase digests them. C: Sweet potatoes; salivary amylase in the mouth begins starch digestion. D: Small intestine (O). [VI: absorbed by villi]

Where the marks are

  • A: eggs as the protein source and stomach as the site where digestion begins (1 mark)
  • A: gastric glands, pepsin and HCl giving the acidic medium (1 mark)
  • B (alternative): emulsification by bile in alkaline medium and digestion by pancreatic lipase (2 marks)
  • C: sweet potato starch digested by salivary amylase in the mouth (1 mark)
  • D: small intestine (O), where digestion is completed (1 mark)

Revise the chapter

  • Chapter: Life Processes (notes, formulas, where marks are lost and every past question)
Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Life Processes, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paperSample paper 2025-26: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.