ICSE Class 10 · Chapter 3

The Vice-President ICSE Class 10: Election, Removal and Powers

Updated 14 October 2026 · Fact-checked

The Vice-President of India is elected by the members of both Houses of Parliament for five years and is the ex officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. ICSE Class 10 tests qualifications, election, term, removal, and powers as Chairman of the Rajya Sabha and as acting President when the office of President falls vacant.

What The Vice-President is about

The Vice-President holds the second-highest office in the country. The office has two roles. In normal times the Vice-President is the ex officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha and runs that House much as the Speaker runs the Lok Sabha. When the office of President falls vacant through death, resignation or removal, or when the President is unable to work through illness or absence, the Vice-President acts as President.

The syllabus is short: qualifications for election, removal, term of office and powers. Because it is short, board questions go into detail. Part I items test the age, the electoral college or who receives the resignation. Part II items, as in 2025, ask for the powers of the Vice-President as Chairman of the Rajya Sabha; CISCE examiners noted that many candidates wrote general functions instead of powers as Chairman. This page keeps those two roles apart and compares the office with the President and the Speaker, which is how most higher-order questions are framed.

Weightage: CISCE publishes no chapter weightage. Civics is tested in Part I (compulsory 1- and 2-mark items) and in Part II Section A, where you answer two of three 10-mark Civics questions, each split 3 + 3 + 4.Source: CISCE ICSE 2027 Specimen Question Paper 501, History & Civics (H.C.G. Paper 1)

Key concepts

Qualifications

A candidate for Vice-President must be a citizen of India, at least 35 years old, and qualified for election as a member of the Rajya Sabha. He or she must not hold any office of profit under the Union government, a state government or a local authority.

The Vice-President is not a member of either House of Parliament or of a state legislature. If a member of a legislature is elected Vice-President, the seat is treated as vacated from the date he or she enters office.

Worked example

(2 marks) State any two qualifications required to be elected Vice-President of India.

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

Must be a citizen of India who has completed 35 years of age - 1 mark.
Must be qualified to be elected to the Rajya Sabha and must not hold an office of profit - 1 mark.

Answer: The candidate must be an Indian citizen aged at least 35, qualified for election to the Rajya Sabha, and must not hold any office of profit under the government.

Election

The Vice-President is elected by an electoral college made up of all the members of both Houses of Parliament, elected and nominated. Members of the state Legislative Assemblies do not take part. The election is held by proportional representation through the single transferable vote, by secret ballot.

Compare this with the President: the President's electoral college has only elected members, but includes the elected members of state assemblies. The Vice-President's has both elected and nominated members, but only of Parliament. The reason is that the Vice-President's main regular job is to preside over the Rajya Sabha, a House of Parliament.

Worked example

(3 marks) How does the election of the Vice-President differ from that of the President? Give three points.

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

Vice-President: elected by members of Parliament only; President: by MPs and members of state Legislative Assemblies - 1 mark.
Nominated members of Parliament vote for the Vice-President but not for the President - 1 mark.
State legislators vote for the President but have no role in the Vice-President's election - 1 mark.

Answer: (1) The Vice-President is elected only by members of Parliament, while the President's electoral college also includes state MLAs. (2) Nominated MPs vote in the Vice-President's election but not in the President's. (3) State MLAs vote for the President but not for the Vice-President. Both use proportional representation by single transferable vote.

Term of office and vacancy

The Vice-President holds office for five years from the date of entering office and is eligible for re-election. Even after the term ends, the Vice-President continues until a successor takes charge.

The Vice-President may resign at any time by writing to the President. An election to fill a vacancy is held as soon as possible, and the person elected gets a full five-year term. When the Vice-President is absent, or acting as President, the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha presides over that House.

Worked example

(2 marks) To whom does the Vice-President address his resignation, and how long is a newly elected Vice-President's term after a mid-term vacancy?

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

The resignation is addressed to the President - 1 mark.
A person elected to fill a vacancy gets a full term of five years - 1 mark.

Answer: The Vice-President resigns by writing to the President. A person elected to fill a vacancy holds office for a full five-year term from entering office.

Removal

The Vice-President is not impeached. He or she can be removed by a resolution of the Rajya Sabha passed by a majority of all the then members of the Rajya Sabha, and agreed to by the Lok Sabha by a simple majority. At least 14 days' notice must be given before the resolution is moved. The removal resolution can only start in the Rajya Sabha, which is one of the exclusive powers of that House.

The Constitution gives no specific ground for removal, unlike impeachment of the President, which needs a charge of violation of the Constitution. While a resolution for removal is being considered, the Vice-President does not preside over the Rajya Sabha.

Worked example

(3 marks) Explain how the Vice-President can be removed from office.

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

A resolution for removal is moved in the Rajya Sabha after at least 14 days' notice - 1 mark.
It must be passed by a majority of all the then members of the Rajya Sabha - 1 mark.
It must then be agreed to by the Lok Sabha; no formal impeachment is needed - 1 mark.

Answer: After 14 days' notice, a resolution is moved in the Rajya Sabha and must be passed by a majority of all its then members. The Lok Sabha must then agree to it. The Vice-President is removed without the impeachment procedure used for the President.

Powers as Chairman of the Rajya Sabha

As ex officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, the Vice-President:

presides over the sittings of the Rajya Sabha and conducts its business according to its rules;
maintains order and decorum, and can suspend members or adjourn the House in case of grave disorder;
adjourns the House or suspends the sitting when there is no quorum;
decides who may speak and admits questions, motions and resolutions;
does not vote in the first instance but has a casting vote in case of a tie;
decides questions of disqualification of Rajya Sabha members under the Anti-Defection Law;
protects the rights and privileges of members and of the House;
signs bills passed by the Rajya Sabha before they go to the Lok Sabha or the President.

These parallel the Speaker's powers, with two differences: the Chairman does not certify Money Bills and does not preside over joint sittings.

Worked example

(3 marks) Mention any three powers of the Vice-President as the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

Presides over the Rajya Sabha and maintains order, adjourning or suspending the House in case of disorder - 1 mark.
Has a casting vote when votes are equally divided - 1 mark.
Decides on the disqualification of members of the Rajya Sabha under the Anti-Defection Law - 1 mark.

Answer: As Chairman, the Vice-President (1) presides over the Rajya Sabha and maintains order, (2) gives a casting vote in case of a tie, and (3) decides disqualification of members under the Anti-Defection Law. Other valid points: adjourns for lack of quorum, admits questions and motions, protects members' privileges.

Acting as President

When the office of President falls vacant because of death, resignation or removal, the Vice-President acts as President until a new President is elected, which must happen within six months. When the President is unable to discharge functions because of illness, absence from India or another reason, the Vice-President discharges those functions until the President resumes.

While acting as President, the Vice-President has all the powers and immunities of the President, and is paid the salary and allowances of the President. During this time he or she does not act as Chairman of the Rajya Sabha; the Deputy Chairman presides instead.

Worked example

(3 marks) Under what circumstances does the Vice-President act as President? What happens to his role in the Rajya Sabha during that period?

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

When the President's office is vacant because of death, resignation or removal, until a new President is elected within six months - 1 mark.
When the President is unable to work because of illness or absence - 1 mark.
During this period the Vice-President does not preside over the Rajya Sabha; the Deputy Chairman does, and the Vice-President receives the President's salary - 1 mark.

Answer: The Vice-President acts as President when the office falls vacant (death, resignation, removal) until a new election within six months, and when the President is temporarily unable to act. Meanwhile, the Deputy Chairman presides over the Rajya Sabha and the Vice-President draws the President's salary and allowances.

The Vice-President in real life

Each concept, met in an everyday situation. Read the situation, answer the question in your own words, then compare with the model answer. The one-line hook is what to remember.

Casting vote of the Chairman

Suppose a resolution in the Rajya Sabha gets 112 votes in favour and 112 against, with the Chairman presiding.

Can the resolution be decided? Explain the Chairman's role.

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

The Chairman does not vote in the first instance.
In a tie, the Chairman has a casting vote.
The Chairman's casting vote decides whether the resolution passes.

Answer: Yes. Since the votes are equal, the Chairman (the Vice-President) uses the casting vote to break the tie and decide the outcome.

Memory hook: A tie wakes the Chair's vote.

Acting President

Imagine the President is admitted to hospital for a long illness during a period when several bills are waiting for assent.

Who signs the bills, and who presides over the Rajya Sabha during this time?

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

When the President cannot discharge functions due to illness, the Vice-President discharges them.
So the Vice-President, acting as President, can give assent to the bills.
The Deputy Chairman presides over the Rajya Sabha meanwhile.

Answer: The Vice-President discharges the President's functions, including assent to bills, until the President recovers. The Deputy Chairman presides over the Rajya Sabha during that period.

Memory hook: When the VP moves up, the Deputy Chairman moves into the Chair.

Removal of the Vice-President

Suppose some members of the Lok Sabha are unhappy with the Vice-President's handling of a debate and want to move a resolution in the Lok Sabha to remove him.

Can they begin the process in the Lok Sabha? Explain the correct procedure.

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

A resolution to remove the Vice-President can be moved only in the Rajya Sabha.
It needs 14 days' notice and a majority of all the then members of the Rajya Sabha.
The Lok Sabha only agrees to it afterwards.

Answer: No. The removal resolution must start in the Rajya Sabha, after 14 days' notice, and be passed by a majority of all its then members. The Lok Sabha's role is only to agree to it.

Memory hook: Remove the Chairman where he sits: start in the Rajya Sabha.

Topics in this chapter

The Vice-President: Qualifications, Election, Removal and Powers

The Vice-President: key facts

Minimum age: 35 years; Must be qualified for election to the Rajya Sabha.
Electoral college: All members (elected and nominated) of both Houses of Parliament; PR by single transferable vote; secret ballot.
Term: 5 years; eligible for re-election; Resignation goes to the President.
Removal: Resolution in the Rajya Sabha (majority of all then members) + agreement of the Lok Sabha; 14 days' notice; No impeachment and no stated ground.
Acting President: Until a new President is elected (within 6 months) or the President resumes; Draws the President's salary; does not chair the Rajya Sabha meanwhile.

How the board asks The Vice-President

The question patterns to expect, and the method that works for each.

Question type	How it is asked	Method
Fact MCQ (Part I)	Who elects the Vice-President, to whom he resigns, in which House removal begins.	Keep a comparison chart with the President; most wrong options swap the two.
Short answer (Part I, 2 marks)	Two qualifications; two circumstances when he acts as President.	Two separate points with the key number or condition.
Powers as Chairman (Part II, 3 marks)	'Mention any three powers of the Vice-President as Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.'	Write only Chairman's powers: presiding, order, casting vote, quorum, anti-defection decisions. Do not write 'acts as President'.
Compare offices (Part II, 3 or 4 marks)	Difference between the election or removal of the President and Vice-President.	Write point-by-point pairs on electors, nominated members, procedure and grounds.

Tricks to remember The Vice-President

Short memory aids. Say each one aloud once, then use it on a question the same day.

VP = Votes of Parliament
The Vice-President is elected by Parliament alone: all MPs, elected and nominated.
Use it when: Electoral college questions.
President resigns to VP, VP resigns to President
They write to each other.
Use it when: Resignation MCQs.
Two hats
Hat 1: Chairman of the Rajya Sabha (every day). Hat 2: acting President (only in a vacancy or absence).
Use it when: Keeping the roles apart in a powers question.

The Vice-President: board-level solved questions

Ordered from board level to HOTS. Cover the solution, write your own, then compare step by step.

Example 1: Electoral college · 1 mark · MCQBoard level

Who among the following can vote in the election of the Vice-President?
(a) Elected members of state Legislative Assemblies
(b) Only elected members of the Lok Sabha
(c) All members of both Houses of Parliament
(d) Elected members of Parliament and state assemblies

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

State legislators have no role in the Vice-President's election.
Both elected and nominated members of both Houses vote.

Answer: (c) All members of both Houses of Parliament.

Example 2: Assertion and reason: removal · 1 mark · Assertion-reasonHarder board level

Assertion (A): The Vice-President can be removed without impeachment.
Reason (R): A resolution passed by a majority of all the then members of the Rajya Sabha and agreed to by the Lok Sabha removes him.
(a) Both A and R are true and R explains A
(b) Both A and R are true but R does not explain A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

Removal is by a resolution, not impeachment: A is true.
R correctly describes that resolution and is why no impeachment is needed.

Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R explains A.

Example 3: Who presides? · 2 marks · Very short answerBoard level

The Vice-President is acting as President. Who presides over the Rajya Sabha, and why?

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

The Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha presides.
While acting as President, the Vice-President does not perform the duties of Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.

Answer: The Deputy Chairman presides, because a Vice-President acting as President does not perform the duties of Chairman of the Rajya Sabha during that period.

Example 4: Powers as Chairman · 3 marks · Short answerBoard level

Mention three powers of the Vice-President in his role as Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

Presides over the Rajya Sabha and maintains order; can adjourn or suspend the House in case of grave disorder.
Gives a casting vote in case of a tie.
Decides disqualification of Rajya Sabha members under the Anti-Defection Law.

Answer: (1) Presides over the Rajya Sabha and maintains order, adjourning or suspending it in case of disorder or no quorum. (2) Exercises a casting vote when votes are equal. (3) Decides questions of disqualification of members on grounds of defection.

Example 5: Comparing removal · 3 marks · Short answerHarder board level

Distinguish between the removal of the President and that of the Vice-President on three points.

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

Ground: the President only for violation of the Constitution; no ground is stated for the Vice-President.
Procedure: the President by impeachment in both Houses; the Vice-President by a resolution of the Rajya Sabha agreed to by the Lok Sabha.
Majority: two-thirds of total membership in each House for the President; a majority of all the then members of the Rajya Sabha (and agreement of the Lok Sabha) for the Vice-President.

Answer: (1) The President can be removed only for violating the Constitution; no ground is laid down for the Vice-President. (2) The President is impeached, with charge and investigation in both Houses; the Vice-President is removed by a Rajya Sabha resolution that the Lok Sabha agrees to. (3) Impeachment needs two-thirds of the total membership of each House; the Vice-President's removal needs a majority of all then members of the Rajya Sabha.

Example 6: Comparison with the Speaker · 4 marks · Long answerHOTS / competency

Compare the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha with the Speaker of the Lok Sabha on (i) how each gets the office, (ii) membership of the House, (iii) Money Bills, and (iv) joint sittings.

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

Office: the Chairman holds it ex officio because he is the Vice-President, elected by both Houses; the Speaker is elected by the Lok Sabha from among its members.
Membership: the Chairman is not a member of the Rajya Sabha; the Speaker is a member of the Lok Sabha.
Money Bills: only the Speaker certifies a Money Bill; the Chairman has no such power.
Joint sittings: the Speaker presides; the Chairman does not.

Answer: (i) The Chairman holds office ex officio as Vice-President, elected by all MPs; the Speaker is elected by the Lok Sabha. (ii) The Chairman is not a member of the Rajya Sabha; the Speaker is a member of the Lok Sabha. (iii) Only the Speaker certifies Money Bills. (iv) Only the Speaker presides over joint sittings.

Example 7: Why the Vice-President's election is different · 2 marks · Short answerHOTS / competency

Why do state legislators vote for the President but not for the Vice-President? Give two reasons.

Try it first, then show the solutionSolution

The Vice-President's regular duty is to preside over the Rajya Sabha, a House of Parliament, so Parliament chooses him.
The President is head of the whole Union, including the states, so the states share in that choice through their MLAs.

Answer: The Vice-President's normal work is inside Parliament as Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, so only MPs elect him. The President heads the whole federal Union, so state legislators also take part in choosing the President.

Case-study practice (Section B style)

Read the situation, then answer every part. In the board paper this is a 10-mark question split into 3 + 3 + 4 marks.

A vacancy at the top

Read the news report and answer the questions.

'The President resigned today for health reasons and handed the resignation letter to the Vice-President. The Vice-President has taken charge of the President's office until a new President is elected. In the Rajya Sabha, opposition members say the Deputy Chairman was unfair while presiding, while government members are planning a debate on a bill that the Rajya Sabha must pass this week.'

(i) · 3 marks
Why was the President's resignation handed to the Vice-President? Within what period must the new President be elected?
Answer
Answer: The Constitution requires the President to address the resignation to the Vice-President, who will act as President. A new President must be elected within six months of the vacancy.
1 mark for the rule, 1 for the reason (VP acts as President), 1 for six months.
(ii) · 3 marks
Why is the Deputy Chairman presiding over the Rajya Sabha? State two powers he uses there.
Answer
Answer: Because the Vice-President, while acting as President, does not perform the duties of Chairman. The presiding officer maintains order (can adjourn in disorder or for lack of quorum) and gives a casting vote in a tie.
1 mark for the reason; 1 each for two powers.
(iii) · 4 marks
Name two privileges or benefits the Vice-President enjoys while acting as President, and state two qualifications he must have had to become Vice-President.
Answer
Answer: He has all the powers and immunities of the President, and draws the President's salary and allowances. To become Vice-President he had to be a citizen of India aged at least 35, qualified for election to the Rajya Sabha (and holding no office of profit).
1 mark per point.

Where the marks are

How a typical answer is split into step marks. Show every step: a right final answer alone rarely earns full marks.

State two qualifications of the Vice-President. (2 marks) (2 marks)

Step	Marks
Citizen of India, at least 35 years.	1
Qualified for the Rajya Sabha; no office of profit.	1

Mention three powers of the Vice-President as Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. (3 marks) (3 marks)

Step	Marks
Presides and maintains order.	1
Casting vote in a tie.	1
Decides disqualification under the Anti-Defection Law.	1

Compare the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha with the Speaker on four points. (4 marks) (4 marks)

Step	Marks
How office is obtained.	1
Membership of the House.	1
Money Bill certification.	1
Joint sittings.	1

Where students lose marks in The Vice-President

The slips examiners see most often, and what to write instead.

Mistake: Writing general functions instead of powers as Chairman
CISCE examiners' comments, 2025: candidates mentioned functions of the Vice-President instead of powers as Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
Wrong working
He acts as President when the office is vacant; he represents India abroad.
Right working
As Chairman he presides, maintains order, has a casting vote and decides defection cases.
Do this: Underline the words 'as Chairman' in the question and answer only about running the Rajya Sabha.
Usually costs: Up to 3 marks.
Mistake: Saying state MLAs elect the Vice-President
Students carry over the President's electoral college.
Wrong working
Elected by MPs and MLAs.
Right working
Elected by all members of both Houses of Parliament only.
Do this: Remember 'VP = Votes of Parliament'.
Usually costs: 1 mark.
Mistake: Calling the removal of the Vice-President 'impeachment'
Students use one word for all removals.
Wrong working
The Vice-President is impeached by both Houses.
Right working
He is removed by a resolution of the Rajya Sabha, passed by a majority of all its then members and agreed to by the Lok Sabha.
Do this: Keep 'impeachment' for the President (and the word 'removal' for judges and the Vice-President).
Usually costs: 1 to 2 marks.
Mistake: Saying the Vice-President continues to chair the Rajya Sabha while acting as President
Students do not realise the two roles cannot be held at once.
Do this: Write that the Deputy Chairman presides while the Vice-President acts as President.
Usually costs: 1 mark.

Practice questions on The Vice-President

Write each answer on paper first. Open the hint only if you are stuck, and the answer only when you have finished.

Q1 · 1 mark · MCQBoard level
The Vice-President of India is the ex officio Chairman of:
(a) the Lok Sabha
(b) the Rajya Sabha
(c) the Planning Commission
(d) the Union Cabinet
Hint
Upper House.
Answer
(b) the Rajya Sabha.
Q2 · 1 mark · MCQHarder board level
A resolution for removing the Vice-President must be introduced in:
(a) the Lok Sabha
(b) either House
(c) the Rajya Sabha
(d) a joint sitting
Hint
This is an exclusive power of one House.
Answer
(c) the Rajya Sabha.
Q3 · 1 mark · Very short answerHarder board level
Analogy: President : Vice-President :: Chairman of the Rajya Sabha : ________
Hint
Who takes over the chair?
Answer
Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
Q4 · 2 marks · Very short answerBoard level
State two circumstances in which the Vice-President acts as President.
Hint
A vacancy, and a temporary inability.
Answer
(1) When the office of President falls vacant through death, resignation or removal, until a new President is elected. (2) When the President is unable to discharge functions owing to illness or absence.
Q5 · 2 marks · Very short answerHarder board level
Is the Vice-President a member of the Rajya Sabha? Can he vote there?
Hint
Ex officio Chairman.
Answer
No, he is not a member of the Rajya Sabha; he presides as ex officio Chairman. He does not vote in the first instance but exercises a casting vote in case of a tie.
Q6 · 3 marks · Short answerBoard level
Explain the term of office of the Vice-President.
Hint
Five years, continuance, resignation, re-election.
Answer
The Vice-President holds office for five years from entering office, and continues until the successor enters office. He may resign earlier by writing to the President, may be removed by a Rajya Sabha resolution agreed to by the Lok Sabha, and is eligible for re-election.
Q7 · 3 marks · Short answerHOTS / competency
'The Vice-President has no independent executive powers in normal times.' Do you agree? Justify with two points.
Hint
Compare his two roles.
Answer
Yes. In normal times his role is mainly that of Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, a parliamentary rather than executive role. He gains the President's powers only when acting as President during a vacancy or the President's inability; otherwise executive power is exercised by the President on the advice of the Council of Ministers.
Q8 · 4 marks · Short answerHarder board level
Describe the method of election of the Vice-President.
Hint
Who votes, what system, what ballot, what qualifications.
Answer
(1) He is elected by an electoral college of all members of both Houses of Parliament, elected and nominated. (2) The system is proportional representation by single transferable vote. (3) Voting is by secret ballot. (4) The candidate must be a citizen, at least 35, qualified for the Rajya Sabha and holding no office of profit.
Q9 · 2 marks · Very short answerHarder board level
Mention one similarity and one difference between the Speaker and the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
Hint
Casting vote; Money Bills.
Answer
Similarity: both have a casting vote in case of a tie (also both decide defection cases in their House). Difference: only the Speaker certifies Money Bills and presides over joint sittings.

Test your recall

Answer in your head or on paper first, then open the card. Pulling an answer out of memory makes it stick far better than re-reading.

1.Minimum age for the Vice-President?Show answer
35 years.
2.Who elects the Vice-President?Show answer
All members, elected and nominated, of both Houses of Parliament.
3.To whom does the Vice-President resign?Show answer
The President.
4.Where does a removal resolution begin?Show answer
In the Rajya Sabha.
5.Who presides over the Rajya Sabha when the Vice-President acts as President?Show answer
The Deputy Chairman.
6.What salary does the Vice-President draw while acting as President?Show answer
The President's salary and allowances.

Best order to study it

Learn qualifications and compare them with the President's.
Learn the electoral college and contrast it with the President's.
Learn term, resignation and removal; contrast removal with impeachment.
Learn the powers as Chairman by comparing with the Speaker.
Learn when and how the Vice-President acts as President.

Quick revision checklist

The night before the exam: can you do each of these without looking?

Qualifications: citizen, 35, qualified for the Rajya Sabha, no office of profit.
Elected by all MPs (elected + nominated), PR by STV, secret ballot.
Term 5 years; resigns to the President; eligible for re-election.
Removal: Rajya Sabha resolution by majority of all then members + Lok Sabha agreement; 14 days' notice; no impeachment.
Chairman of the Rajya Sabha: presides, order, quorum, casting vote, defection cases, privileges.
Acts as President in a vacancy (new election within 6 months) or the President's inability; Deputy Chairman presides meanwhile.

The Vice-President: frequently asked questions

Is the Vice-President's role like the US Vice-President's?

Only partly. Both preside over the upper House, but in India the Vice-President only acts as President until a new President is elected; he does not automatically complete the President's term.

Can the Vice-President be removed for no stated reason?

The Constitution does not lay down a ground for removal. What it lays down is the procedure: a Rajya Sabha resolution with 14 days' notice, passed by a majority of all its then members and agreed to by the Lok Sabha.

Does the Vice-President vote in the Rajya Sabha?

Not in the first instance. As Chairman, he has a casting vote only when votes are equally divided.

Based on: CISCE ICSE 2027 History & Civics syllabus (H.C.G. Paper 1); CISCE ICSE 2027 Specimen Question Paper and Marking Scheme, History & Civics (501)