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“In the late 1970’s China’s… (Class 12 Economics 2026, Q29)

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EconomicsCBSE Class 12 · Board exam 2026, set 58/1/1 · 3 marks · Short answer

CBSE Class 12 Economics 2026: question 29

Set in the CBSE Class 12 board exam of 2026, paper 58/1/1, section B, question 29, for 3 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q29 · 3 marks · Short answerComparative Development Experiences of India and its Neighbours

“In the late 1970’s China’s population growth rate has sharply declined as compared to India.”
Elucidate the reasons and impacts of this situation.

Source: official question paper from cbse.gov.in (PDF). See it in the full 2026 board paper, set 58/1/1.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

Which population policy did China introduce in 1979?

Hint 2

Fewer births today means what for the age structure later?

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. Reason: China introduced the one-child policy in the late 1970s (1979), which sharply cut its population growth rate compared with India.

    1½ marks

  2. Impact: a fall in the proportion of young people and a rise in the proportion of elderly people (ageing population) in later decades, raising the burden of old-age support (also a skewed sex ratio).

    1½ marks

Answer: China's one-child policy (late 1970s) cut population growth; the impact was an ageing population.

Where the marks are

  • Reason: one-child policy (1½)
  • Impact: ageing population (1½)

Revise the chapter

Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Comparative Development Experiences of India and its Neighbours, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paper2026 board paper, set 58/1/1: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.