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Refer to the… (Class 12 Economics SQP 2026-27, Q34)

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EconomicsCBSE Class 12 · Sample paper, session 2026-27 · 6 marks · Case-based

CBSE Class 12 Economics sample paper 2026-27: question 34

From the official CBSE sample question paper for 2026-27, section B, question 34, for 6 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q34 · 6 marks · Case-basedCompetency-basedEnvironment and Sustainable Development

Refer to the following text carefully:
India is adopting a multifaceted approach to mitigate global warming by diversifying its energy sources and enhancing access while also increasing the share of non-fossil fuels, improving energy efficiency, and promoting stability across its energy systems. India’s energy transition is being pursued through a combination of initiatives across various sectors, including nuclear, solar, and wind energy, green hydrogen, battery storage, and critical minerals, which help to address both energy security and transition imperatives simultaneously. India has already surpassed the goal of 50 per cent installed power capacity from non-fossil fuel sources, which stood at 51.93% at the end of December 2025, supported by record annual additions of renewable energy capacity. The progress in expanding non-fossil fuel-based power capacity has been supported by a wide variety of initiatives to boost renewable energy systems. Additionally, new measures are being taken to support other clean sources of energy such as the National Nuclear Mission, the Green Hydrogen Mission, and the Bio Energy Programme.
Source: https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2219915&utm_source=chatgpt.com&reg=3&lang=2 (adapted and modified)
On the basis of the given text and common understanding, answer the following questions:

  1. (I)

    State the meaning of Global Warming.

    1 mark
  2. (II)

    India has already achieved more than 50% of its installed power capacity from non-fossil fuel sources. Identify any two major government initiatives that support this transition.

    1 mark
  3. (III)

    Elaborate any two strategies adopted by India to ensure sustainable development.

    4 marks

Source: official sample paper from cbseacademic.nic.in (PDF). See it in the full Sample paper 2026-27.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

Which gases trap heat in the atmosphere?

Hint 2

Pick the missions named in the passage.

Hint 3

Renewable sources such as wind and sun do not pollute.

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. (I) Global warming is the gradual increase in the average temperature of the earth's lower atmosphere due to the increase in greenhouse gases (from burning fossil fuels, deforestation, etc.).

    1 mark

  2. (II) Two initiatives: the National Nuclear Mission and the Green Hydrogen Mission (also the Bio Energy Programme).

    1 mark

  3. (III) Wind energy: in areas with high wind speed, windmills generate electricity without harming the environment. The initial cost is high, but the long-term benefits easily absorb it.

    2 marks

  4. (III) Solar energy: photovoltaic cells / solar panels convert sunlight into electricity. This is very useful in remote areas where grid supply is impossible or very costly, and it is pollution-free.

    2 marks

Answer: (I) Rise in the earth's average temperature due to greenhouse gases. (II) National Nuclear Mission and Green Hydrogen Mission. (III) Wind and solar energy as clean, renewable sources.

Where the marks are

  • Meaning of global warming (1)
  • Two initiatives (½ + ½)
  • Two strategies explained (2 + 2)

Revise the chapter

Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Environment and Sustainable Development, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paperSample paper 2026-27: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.