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Answer the following. (Class 12 Economics SQP 2025-26, Q33A)

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EconomicsCBSE Class 12 · Sample paper, session 2025-26 · 6 marks · Long answer

CBSE Class 12 Economics sample paper 2025-26: question 33(A)

From the official CBSE sample question paper for 2025-26, section B, question 33(A), for 6 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q33(A) · 6 marks · Long answerIndian Economy 1950-1990

Answer the following.

  1. (I)

    “Government made a fresh statement of policy on the 30th April, 1956 which will help speeding up industrialisation and, in particular, to develop heavy industries and machine making industries, to expand the public sector, and to build up a large and growing co-operative sector”.
    Source: http://164.100.161.239/plans/planrel/fiveyr/index2.html (Planning Commission)
    In the light of the given text and common understanding, comment upon the classification of industries under the revised policy.

    3 marks
  2. (II)

    “The implementation of land ceiling legislation in India encountered several challenges that hindered its effectiveness.”
    Do you agree with the given statement? Give valid reasons in support of your answer.

    3 marks

Source: official sample paper from cbseacademic.nic.in (PDF). See it in the full Sample paper 2025-26.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

How many categories of industries were there?

Hint 2

How did landlords escape the ceiling?

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. (I) The Industrial Policy Resolution 1956 classified industries into three categories. First: industries to be exclusively owned by the State.

    1 mark

  2. (I) Second: industries in which the private sector could supplement the public sector, with the State solely responsible for starting new units.

    1 mark

  3. (I) Third: the remaining industries, left to the private sector.

    1 mark

  4. (II) Yes. Some former zamindars used loopholes in the law to keep large areas of land; tenants were evicted and landowners claimed to be self-cultivators. Big landlords challenged the law in courts to delay it and used the delay to register land in the names of close relatives, escaping the ceiling. So land ceiling was poorly implemented.

    3 marks

Answer: (I) IPR 1956: Schedule A (state only), Schedule B (state starts new units, private may supplement), rest private. (II) Agree: loopholes, evictions, court delays and benami transfers hindered land ceilings.

Where the marks are

  • Three categories (1 + 1 + 1)
  • Challenges of land ceiling (3)

Revise the chapter

Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Indian Economy 1950-1990, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paperSample paper 2025-26: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.