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‘The reform process… (Class 12 Economics SQP 2024-25, Q30)

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EconomicsCBSE Class 12 · Sample paper, session 2024-25 · 4 marks · Short answer

CBSE Class 12 Economics sample paper 2024-25: question 30

From the official CBSE sample question paper for 2024-25, section B, question 30, for 4 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q30 · 4 marks · Short answerComparative Development Experiences of India and its Neighbours

‘The reform process implemented in the late 1970s, commonly known as China’s open door policy, encompassed a wide range of reforms across sectors like agriculture, investment, industry etc. These reforms played a pivotal role in driving the rapid growth of the Chinese economy over subsequent decades.’
In the light of the given text, discuss any two reforms responsible for the rapid economic growth of China.

Source: official sample paper from cbseacademic.nic.in (PDF). See it in the full Sample paper 2024-25.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

What changed for the communes after 1978?

Hint 2

Who was allowed to compete with state enterprises?

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. Agricultural reforms (first phase, 1978): commune lands were divided into small plots and allocated to individual households for use. They could keep all income from the land after paying stipulated taxes, which raised farm output and incomes. (Reforms also began in foreign trade and investment.)

    2 marks

  2. Industrial reforms (later phase): private firms, especially township and village enterprises, were allowed to produce goods, and state-owned enterprises were made to face competition, raising efficiency and growth.

    2 marks

Answer: Agricultural reform (land to households, income kept after tax) and industrial reform (private firms and TVEs allowed, SOEs face competition).

Where the marks are

  • Two reforms explained (2 + 2)

Revise the chapter

Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Comparative Development Experiences of India and its Neighbours, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paperSample paper 2024-25: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.