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Given below are… (Class 12 Biology SQP 2023-24, Q31b)

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BiologyCBSE Class 12 · Sample paper, session 2023-24 · 5 marks · Long answer

CBSE Class 12 Biology sample paper 2023-24: question 31(b)

From the official CBSE sample question paper for 2023-24, section E, question 31(b), for 5 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q31(b) · 5 marks · Long answerCompetency-basedReproductive Health

Given below are certain situations. Analyse the situation and suggest the name of suitable contraceptive device along with mode of action.

SituationRequirement of contraceptive for -Name of contraceptive deviceMode of action
1blocking the entry of sperms through cervix
2spacing between children
3effective emergency contraceptive
4terminal method to prevent any more pregnancy in female
5sterilization in male

Source: official sample paper from cbseacademic.nic.in (PDF). See it in the full Sample paper 2023-24.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

Group the methods: barrier, IUDs, oral pills, surgical.

Hint 2

Which methods are permanent, and which part of the reproductive tract is cut in each sex?

Hint 3

What time limit applies to emergency contraception?

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. Situation 1 (block sperm entry through cervix):

    • Device: Diaphragm / cervical cap / vault (barrier methods)
    • Mode of action: covers the cervix during coitus and stops sperms entering the uterus
    1 mark

  2. Situation 2 (spacing between children):

    • Device: IUD such as Cu-T, Cu-7, Multiload 375 (copper-releasing) or Progestasert, LNG-20 (hormone-releasing)
    • Mode of action: Cu ions suppress sperm motility and fertilising capacity and increase phagocytosis of sperms in the uterus; hormone-releasing IUDs make the uterus unsuitable for implantation and the cervix hostile to sperms
    1 mark

  3. Situation 3 (effective emergency contraceptive):

    • Device: Progestogen or progestogen–estrogen pills, or an IUD, used within 72 hours of coitus
    • Mode of action: pills inhibit ovulation and implantation and change cervical mucus to block sperms; IUDs act through Cu ions or hormones as above
    1 mark

  4. Situation 4 (terminal method in female):

    • Device: Tubectomy
    • Mode of action: a small part of each fallopian tube is cut and tied, which blocks transport of the ovum and prevents conception
    1 mark

  5. Situation 5 (sterilisation in male):

    • Device: Vasectomy
    • Mode of action: a small part of each vas deferens is cut and tied, which blocks sperm transport
    1 mark

Answer: 1: Diaphragm/cervical cap/vault (covers cervix); 2: Cu-T/Cu-7/Multiload/LNG-20 IUDs (Cu ions kill or immobilise sperms, hormones prevent implantation); 3: emergency pills or IUD within 72 h (inhibit ovulation/implantation); 4: Tubectomy (blocks ovum transport); 5: Vasectomy (blocks sperm transport).

Where the marks are

  • Correct device for each of 5 situations (0.5 × 5 = 2.5 marks)
  • Correct mode of action for each of 5 situations (0.5 × 5 = 2.5 marks)

Revise the chapter

Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Reproductive Health, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paperSample paper 2023-24: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.