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Read the given… (Class 10 Social Science SQP 2026-27, Q28)

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Social ScienceCBSE Class 10 · Sample paper, session 2026-27 · 4 marks · Case-based

CBSE Class 10 Social Science sample paper 2026-27: question 28

From the official CBSE sample question paper for 2026-27, section C, question 28, for 4 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q28 · 4 marks · Case-basedCompetency-basedPolitical Parties

Read the given text and answer the following questions:

Need for political parties

Political parties are easily one of the most visible institutions in a democracy. For most ordinary citizens, democracy is equal to political parties. If you travel to remote parts of our country and speak to the less educated citizens, you could come across people who may not know anything about our Constitution or about the nature of our government. But chances are that they would know something about our political parties. At the same time, this visibility does not mean popularity. Most people tend to be very critical of political parties. They tend to blame parties for all that is wrong with our democracy and our political life. Parties have become identified with social and political divisions. Therefore, it is natural to ask if we need political parties at all? About a hundred years ago, there were few countries in the world that had any political party. Now there are few that do not have parties.

Source- NCERT. Democratic Politics–II. Class X

  1. 28.1

    Modern democracies cannot exist without political parties. Analyse the given statement by giving one reason to support your answer.

    1 mark
  2. 28.2

    Highlight any two functions of a political party.

    2 marks
  3. 28.3

    Why has India opted for a Multi-Party System? Give any one reason to support your answer.

    1 mark

Source: official sample paper from cbseacademic.nic.in (PDF). See it in the full Sample paper 2026-27.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

Imagine an election in which every candidate stands as an independent. Could anyone promise a national policy?

Hint 2

Think about what parties do before, during and after elections.

Hint 3

India has many religions, languages and regions. Can two parties represent all of them?

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. 28.1 Without parties every candidate would be independent, so no one could promise major policy changes to voters. A government might be formed, but its stability and usefulness would stay uncertain, because representatives would answer only to their own constituencies. Hence democracy needs parties.

    1 mark

  2. 28.2 Function 1: Contesting elections. Parties choose candidates and fight elections, offering voters different choices.

    1 mark

  3. Function 2: Forming and running governments. The majority party forms the government and carries out its agenda. (Other accepted functions: making laws, acting as the opposition, shaping public opinion, framing policies, giving access to welfare schemes.)

    1 mark

  4. 28.3 India has great social and geographical diversity of religions, languages, cultures and regions. One or two parties cannot represent all of it, so a multi-party system gives wider representation to different interests and stops power from being concentrated in one group.

    1 mark

Answer: 28.1 Without parties there would be no policy promises and no stable, accountable government. 28.2 Contesting elections; forming and running governments. 28.3 Diversity needs wider representation, which a multi-party system gives.

Where the marks are

  • Gives one valid reason why democracy needs parties (1 mark)
  • States the first function of a party (1 mark)
  • States the second function of a party (1 mark)
  • Gives diversity as the reason for the multi-party system (1 mark)

Revise the chapter

Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Political Parties, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paperSample paper 2026-27: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.