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Distinguish between… (Class 10 Social Science 2025, Q33a)

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Social ScienceCBSE Class 10 · Board exam 2025, set 32/3/1 · 5 marks · Long answer

CBSE Class 10 Social Science 2025: question 33(a)

Set in the CBSE Class 10 board exam of 2025, paper 32/3/1, section D, question 33(a), for 5 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q33(a) · 5 marks · Long answerSectors of the Indian Economy

Distinguish between public and private sector of economy with examples.

Source: official question paper from cbse.gov.in (PDF). See it in the full 2025 board paper, set 32/3/1.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

Think about who owns the assets in each sector.

Hint 2

Compare the purpose of each sector: welfare or profit?

Hint 3

Think about who builds roads, dams and railways, and which sector serves everyone.

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. Ownership and service delivery: In the public sector the government owns most assets and provides the services. In the private sector assets are owned, and services delivered, by private individuals or companies.

    1 mark

  2. Examples: Public sector: Indian Railways, BHEL. Private sector: TISCO, Reliance Industries Ltd (RIL).

    1 mark

  3. Motive: The public sector aims at public welfare, not only profit. The government raises money through taxes to meet the cost of its services. Private sector activity is guided by the profit motive, so people must pay to get its services.

    1 mark

  4. Scale of spending: Roads, bridges, railways, harbours, power generation and dam irrigation need very large sums. These are beyond the private sector's capacity and are undertaken by the government. The private sector cannot spend such sums on these services.

    1 mark

  5. Reach: Public sector services are meant for everyone, at reasonable cost. The private sector cannot or will not serve everyone, and does not offer such services at a reasonable price.

    1 mark

Answer: Public sector: government-owned, welfare motive, large-scale services for all (Railways, BHEL). Private sector: privately owned, profit motive, services for payment (TISCO, RIL).

Where the marks are

  • Distinguishes ownership of assets and delivery of services (1 mark)
  • Gives one example of each sector (1 mark)
  • Distinguishes welfare motive and profit motive (1 mark)
  • Notes that large-scale spending is done by the public sector (1 mark)
  • Notes that public sector services are for everyone, unlike the private sector (1 mark)

Revise the chapter

Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Sectors of the Indian Economy, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paper2025 board paper, set 32/3/1: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.