CBSE Class 10 Social Science 2023: question 34
Set in the CBSE Class 10 board exam of 2023, paper 32/2/1, section E, question 34, for 4 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.
Q34 · 4 marks · Case-basedCompetency-basedThe Making of a Global World
Read the given source and answer the questions that follow: Yet, till the First World War, industrial growth was slow. The war created a dramatically new situation. With British mills busy with war production to meet the needs of the army, Manchester imports into India declined. Suddenly, Indian mills had a vast home market to supply. As the war prolonged, Indian factories were called upon to supply war needs: jute bags, cloth for army uniforms, tents and leather boots, horse and mule saddles and a host of other items. New factories were set up and old ones ran multiple shifts. Many new workers were employed and everyone was made to work longer hours. Over the war years industrial production boomed. After the war, Manchester could never recapture its old position in the Indian market. Unable to modernise and compete with the US, Germany and Japan, the economy of Britain crumbled after the war. Cotton production collapsed and exports of cotton cloth from Britain fell dramatically. Within the colonies, local industrialists gradually consolidated their position, substituting foreign manufacturers and capturing the home market.
- (34.1)1 mark
Why did Manchester imports decline in India?
- (34.2)1 mark
Why could Manchester never recapture its old position in the Indian market after the First World War?
- (34.3)2 marks
Analyse any two benefits of the First World War to India.
Source: official question paper from cbse.gov.in (PDF). See it in the full 2023 board paper, set 32/2/1.
Hints
Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.
Hint 1
Read the second sentence of the passage for what British mills were doing.
Hint 2
Look at the sentence beginning 'Unable to modernise'.
Hint 3
For benefits, think about what happened to Indian mills and the home market.
Step-by-step solution
Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.
- 1 mark
(34.1) British mills were busy with war production to meet the needs of the army, so Manchester imports into India declined.
- 1 mark
(34.2) Britain could not modernise its industry or compete with the US, Germany and Japan, and its economy crumbled after the war. So Manchester could not regain its old position.
- 1 mark
(34.3) Benefit 1: Imports from Britain fell, so Indian mills got a vast home market to supply.
- 1 mark
(34.3) Benefit 2: Indian factories supplied war needs such as jute bags, army cloth, tents and boots. New factories were set up, old ones ran multiple shifts, and industrial production boomed, letting local industrialists consolidate their position.
Answer: (34.1) British mills were busy with war production. (34.2) Britain could not modernise and compete with the US, Germany and Japan. (34.3) Imports fell, giving Indian mills a home market, and war orders made industrial production boom.
Where the marks are
- Reason for decline of imports (1 mark)
- Reason Manchester could not recover (1 mark)
- First benefit of the war to India (1 mark)
- Second benefit of the war to India (1 mark)
Revise the chapter
- Chapter: The Making of a Global World (notes, formulas, where marks are lost and every past question)
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