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(a) Draw a well-labelled… (Class 10 Science 2026, Q16B)

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ScienceCBSE Class 10 · Board exam 2026, set 31/4/1 · 5 marks · Long answer

CBSE Class 10 Science 2026: question 16(B)

Set in the CBSE Class 10 board exam of 2026, paper 31/4/1, section A, question 16(B), for 5 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q16(B) · 5 marks · Long answerLife Processes

(a) Draw a well-labelled diagram of nephron and label atleast 4 of its parts.
(b) Write the role of capillary cluster inside Bowman's capsule.
(c) What is meant by selective reabsorption?

Figure in the paper: Labelled diagram of a nephron required, labelling at least 4 parts. See it in the official paper.

Source: official question paper from cbse.gov.in (PDF). See it in the full 2026 board paper, set 31/4/1.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

A nephron starts with a cup-shaped structure that holds a ball of capillaries.

Hint 2

The capillary cluster is where the first step of urine formation happens.

Hint 3

Not everything filtered is waste. What does the body take back?

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. (a) Diagram of a nephron (described):

    • A cup-shaped Bowman's capsule encloses a knot of capillaries, the glomerulus.
    • The afferent arteriole enters the glomerulus and the efferent arteriole leaves it.
    • From the capsule runs a coiled tubule, which leads into the collecting duct.
    • The tubule is surrounded by a network of blood capillaries.
    1 mark

  2. Labels (any four): Bowman's capsule, glomerulus, tubule (with its coiled part), collecting duct, capillary network, and branch of the renal artery or renal vein.

    2 marks

  3. (b) The glomerulus (the capillary cluster inside Bowman's capsule) filters blood under pressure. Water, glucose, amino acids, salts and nitrogenous wastes such as urea pass into the capsule as the filtrate.

    1 mark

  4. (c) Selective reabsorption is the process in the tubule by which useful substances in the filtrate are taken back into the blood capillaries around the tubule. These include glucose, amino acids, vitamins, salts and most of the water. The wastes are left behind to form urine.

    1 mark

Answer: (a) Labelled nephron: Bowman's capsule, glomerulus, tubule, collecting duct. (b) It filters blood to remove wastes. (c) Useful substances (glucose, amino acids, salts, water) are taken back from the filtrate into the blood.

Where the marks are

  • Draws a correct diagram of the nephron (1 mark)
  • Labels any four parts correctly (½ × 4 = 2 marks)
  • States that the glomerulus filters blood to remove wastes (1 mark)
  • Explains selective reabsorption of useful substances into the blood (1 mark)

Revise the chapter

  • Chapter: Life Processes (notes, formulas, where marks are lost and every past question)
Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Life Processes, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paper2026 board paper, set 31/4/1: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.