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Pollination is an important… (Class 10 Science 2024, Q38)

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ScienceCBSE Class 10 · Board exam 2024, set 31/5/1 · 4 marks · Case-based

CBSE Class 10 Science 2024: question 38

Set in the CBSE Class 10 board exam of 2024, paper 31/5/1, section E, question 38, for 4 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q38 · 4 marks · Case-basedCompetency-basedHow do Organisms Reproduce?

Pollination is an important process in sexual reproduction of plants. It is an essential process that facilitates fertilisation in plants. Pollinating agents can be wind, water, insects and birds. Several changes take place in the flower after the fertilization has taken place.

  1. (a)

    Write the main difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination.

    1 mark
  2. (b)

    Name the part of the flower which attracts insects for pollination. What happens to this part after fertilisation?

    1 mark
  3. (c)

    (i) Define fertilisation. What is the fate of ovules and the ovary in a flower after fertilisation?

    2 marks

  4. OR

    (c)

    (ii) In a germinating seed, which parts are known as future shoot and future root? Mention the function of cotyledon.

    2 marks

Source: official question paper from cbse.gov.in (PDF). See it in the full 2024 board paper, set 31/5/1.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

Compare where the pollen comes from and where it lands in each type of pollination.

Hint 2

Which colourful part of a flower do insects see first?

Hint 3

After fertilisation, think of what an ovule and an ovary become; in a seed, the embryo has a shoot part, a root part and food-storing leaves.

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. (a) Self-pollination: pollen grains are transferred from the anther to the stigma of the same flower (or another flower on the same plant).

    Cross-pollination: pollen grains are transferred from the anther of one flower to the stigma of a flower on another plant of the same species.

    1 mark

  2. (b) The petals, which are brightly coloured and often scented, attract insects. After fertilisation, the petals dry up (wither) and fall off.

    1 mark

  3. (c)(i) Fertilisation is the fusion of the male gamete with the female gamete (egg) to form a zygote.

    1 mark

  4. After fertilisation, the ovules develop into seeds and the ovary develops (ripens) into the fruit.

    1 mark

  5. (c)(ii) In a germinating seed, the plumule is the future shoot and the radicle is the future root.

    1 mark

  6. Cotyledons store food, which nourishes the growing embryo during germination.

    1 mark

Answer: (a) Self: pollen to stigma of the same flower; cross: pollen to stigma of a flower on another plant. (b) Petals; they wither and fall off. (c)(i) Fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote; ovules → seeds, ovary → fruit. (c)(ii) Plumule = future shoot, radicle = future root; cotyledon stores food

Where the marks are

  • Gives the correct difference between self- and cross-pollination (1 mark)
  • Names petals and says they dry and fall off (½ + ½ mark)
  • Defines fertilisation as fusion of gametes to form a zygote (1 mark)
  • States ovule → seed and ovary → fruit (½ + ½ mark)
  • Names plumule as future shoot and radicle as future root (½ + ½ mark)
  • States that the cotyledon stores food (1 mark)

Revise the chapter

Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from How do Organisms Reproduce?, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paper2024 board paper, set 31/5/1: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.