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Compare Tables… (Class 10 Social Science SQP 2023-24, Q29)

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Social ScienceCBSE Class 10 · Sample paper, session 2023-24 · 3 marks · Short answer

CBSE Class 10 Social Science sample paper 2023-24: question 29

From the official CBSE sample question paper for 2023-24, section C, question 29, for 3 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q29 · 3 marks · Short answerCompetency-basedSectors of the Indian Economy

Compare Tables "A" & "B" and answer the question given below.

Table A: Share of sectors in employment in %

YearTertiarySecondaryPrimaryYear
1977-781811711977-78
2017-183125442017-18

Table B: Share of Sectors in GDP in %

YearTertiarySecondaryPrimary
1973-74501040
2013-14682111

A remarkable fact about India is that while there has been a change in the share of the three sectors in GDP, a similar shift has not taken place in employment. Why didn't a similar shift out of primary sector happen in case of employment? Substantiate your answer.

Source: official sample paper from cbseacademic.nic.in (PDF). See it in the full Sample paper 2023-24.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

Compare the fall in the primary sector's share of GDP with its fall in employment.

Hint 2

Did the growth of jobs in industry and services match their output growth?

Hint 3

What is disguised unemployment in agriculture?

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. The tables show the primary sector's share of GDP fell from 40% to 11%, but its share of employment fell only from 71% to 44%. Nearly half the workforce still depends on agriculture.

    1 mark

  2. Secondary and tertiary sector jobs did not grow enough: industrial output rose over nine times but employment only about three times, and services output rose about 14 times but employment only about five times.

    1 mark

  3. Underemployment: agriculture has more people than needed, so moving some out would not reduce output. Thus more than half the workers still produce only a small share of GDP.

    1 mark

Answer: Because industry and services did not create enough jobs, and agriculture remains crowded with underemployed workers.

Where the marks are

  • Uses data to show the GDP share fell far more than the employment share (1 mark)
  • Employment in secondary/tertiary grew much less than output (1 mark)
  • Underemployment in agriculture (1 mark)

Revise the chapter

Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Sectors of the Indian Economy, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paperSample paper 2023-24: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.