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Observe the given diagram… (Class 10 Science 2026, Q16b)

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ScienceCBSE Class 10 · Board exam 2026, set 31/3/1 · 5 marks · Long answer

CBSE Class 10 Science 2026: question 16(b)

Set in the CBSE Class 10 board exam of 2026, paper 31/3/1, section A, question 16(b), for 5 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q16(b) · 5 marks · Long answerCompetency-basedHow do Organisms Reproduce?

Observe the given diagram and answer the questions that follow :

  1. (i)

    Give the name and type of reproduction shown in the above diagram.

    0 marks
  2. (ii)

    Comment on the processes taking place in stage P.

    0 marks
  3. (iii)

    Name an organism which reproduces by the above mentioned method.

    0 marks
  4. (iv)

    Name the method that can be used to raise plants that have lost their capacity to produce seeds. List any two advantages of growing plants by such a method.

    0 marks

Figure in the paper: Three-stage diagram: a single cell enclosed in a protective cyst wall (labels: Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Cell, Cyst (Protective wall)); then stage P showing the cyst containing many small cells; then the cyst wall rupturing releasing many cells. See it in the official paper.

Source: official question paper from cbse.gov.in (PDF). See it in the full 2026 board paper, set 31/3/1.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

One cell inside a cyst gives many cells at once. What is this kind of fission called?

Hint 2

The malarial parasite is an example. Bananas and roses that do not set seed are grown from plant parts instead.

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. (i) Name: multiple fission.

    ½ mark

  2. Type: asexual reproduction.

    ½ mark

  3. (ii) In stage P, inside the protective cyst, the nucleus divides repeatedly and each nucleus is then surrounded by cytoplasm. Many daughter cells form at once and are released when the cyst wall breaks.

    1 mark

  4. (iii) Plasmodium (the malarial parasite) reproduces by multiple fission.

    1 mark

  5. (iv) Method: vegetative propagation (for example layering, grafting or cutting), as used for banana, orange, rose and jasmine.

    1 mark

  6. Advantage 1: all the plants produced are genetically similar to the parent plant, so desirable characters are kept.

    ½ mark

  7. Advantage 2: such plants bear flowers and fruits earlier than plants raised from seeds.

    ½ mark

Answer: (i) Multiple fission; asexual. (ii) Repeated nuclear division followed by cytoplasmic division inside the cyst forms many daughter cells. (iii) Plasmodium. (iv) Vegetative propagation; plants are genetically identical to the parent and flower/fruit earlier.

Where the marks are

  • Names multiple fission (½ mark)
  • Type: asexual (½ mark)
  • Stage P: repeated nuclear divisions forming many daughter cells (1 mark)
  • Names Plasmodium or another correct example (1 mark)
  • Names vegetative propagation (1 mark)
  • Any two advantages (½ + ½ marks)

Revise the chapter

Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from How do Organisms Reproduce?, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paper2026 board paper, set 31/3/1: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.