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Answer the following. (Science 2025 31/2/1 Q35a)

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ScienceCBSE Class 10 · Board exam 2025, set 31/2/1 · 5 marks · Long answer

CBSE Class 10 Science 2025: question 35(a)

Set in the CBSE Class 10 board exam of 2025, paper 31/2/1, section D, question 35(a), for 5 marks. Try it first; the hints and our step-by-step solution are below.

Q35(a) · 5 marks · Long answerLife Processes

Answer the following.

  1. (i)

    "The length of the small intestine in various animals depends on the food they eat." Justify the statement.

    0 marks
  2. (ii)

    Discuss the role of the pancreas and bile juice in the digestion of food in human beings.

    0 marks
  3. (iii)

    How is the small intestine designed to absorb digested food?

    0 marks

Source: official question paper from cbse.gov.in (PDF). See it in the full 2025 board paper, set 31/2/1.

Hints

Open one hint at a time and try again before the next.

Hint 1

Compare how easy it is to digest grass and meat.

Hint 2

Name the enzymes in pancreatic juice, and think about what bile does to fats and to acidity.

Hint 3

Think of the finger-like projections lining the intestine.

Step-by-step solution

Each step shows the marks it earns, as an examiner would award them. Checked by an independent re-solve from the question paper.

  1. (i) Herbivores such as cows eat grass, which is rich in cellulose. Cellulose takes a long time to digest, so herbivores have a longer small intestine to allow complete digestion.

    1 mark

  2. (i) Carnivores such as tigers eat meat, which is easier to digest. They therefore have a shorter small intestine. So the length of the small intestine depends on the type of food eaten.

    1 mark

  3. (ii) Pancreas: It secretes pancreatic juice into the small intestine. This juice contains trypsin, which digests proteins, and lipase, which breaks down emulsified fats.

    1 mark

  4. (ii) Bile juice: It is made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder. Bile makes the acidic food coming from the stomach alkaline so that pancreatic enzymes can act. Its bile salts emulsify fats, breaking large fat globules into smaller ones.

    1 mark

  5. (iii) The inner lining of the small intestine has numerous finger-like projections called villi, which greatly increase the surface area for absorption. The villi are richly supplied with blood vessels, which carry the absorbed food to every cell of the body.

    1 mark

Answer: (i) Herbivores need a longer small intestine to digest cellulose; carnivores have a shorter one because meat is easy to digest. (ii) Pancreatic juice: trypsin digests proteins, lipase digests emulsified fats. Bile: makes the medium alkaline and emulsifies fats. (iii) Villi increase the surface area and are richly supplied with blood vessels.

Where the marks are

  • Herbivores: longer small intestine to digest cellulose (1 mark)
  • Carnivores: shorter small intestine as meat is easily digested (1 mark)
  • Role of pancreas: trypsin for proteins, lipase for fats (1 mark)
  • Role of bile: alkaline medium and emulsification of fats (1 mark)
  • Villi increase surface area and have a rich blood supply (1 mark)

Revise the chapter

  • Chapter: Life Processes (notes, formulas, where marks are lost and every past question)
Practise this chapterBoard-style questions from Life Processes, one at a time, marked against the answer key and marking points.Back to the full paper2025 board paper, set 31/2/1: every question, by section.

The question is transcribed from the official paper; figures are described in words. The solution, hints and chapter tag are ours. Spotted an error? Write tosupport@questionbuddy.in.