CBSE Class 12 Computer Science: chapter-wise study guide

Revision of Python Topics from Class XI

• List Methods and Operations
• Dictionary Methods and Operations
• String Slicing and String Methods

Functions

• Returning Values and Flow of Execution
• Scope of Variables: Local and Global
• Positional and Default Parameters

Exception Handling in Python

• try and except Blocks
• Built-in Exceptions
• The finally Block

Handling exceptions with try-except-finally blocks.

File Handling in Python

• Text File Read and Write Programs
• Binary Files with pickle
• CSV Files with the csv Module

Text, binary (pickle) and CSV files; CSV is in the CBSE syllabus though the NCERT chapter does not cover it.

Stack

• Conditional Push and Pop Programs
• Push and Pop Operations
• Implementing a Stack Using a List
• Stack Programs: Conditional Push and Pop All
• Push and Pop Operations on a Stack Using a List
• Stack: LIFO Principle and Applications

Push and pop using a Python list only; infix and postfix notation is not in the syllabus.

Computer Networks

• Network Devices
• Network Topologies and Types of Networks
• Web Services, URLs and Domain Names
• Network Devices: Modem, Hub, Switch, Router, Gateway
• Network Types and Topologies: PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN, Bus, Star, Tree
• Web Services: WWW, HTML, XML, URL, Domain Name and Hosting

Topologies asked are bus, star and tree.

Data Communication

• Network Protocols
• Transmission Media
• Switching Techniques
• Communication Components, Bandwidth, Data Rate and IP Address
• Network Protocols: HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SMTP, POP3, TCP/IP, TELNET, VoIP, PPP
• Switching Techniques and Transmission Media

Database Concepts

• Relational Data Model Terms
• Candidate, Primary and Alternate Keys
• Foreign Key
• Keys: Candidate, Primary, Alternate and Foreign Key
• Need for a Database: Limitations of the File System
• Relational Model: Relation, Attribute, Tuple, Domain, Degree, Cardinality

Structured Query Language (SQL)

• SELECT with WHERE and Operators
• Aggregate Functions, GROUP BY and HAVING
• Joins: Cartesian Product, Equi-Join and Natural Join
• DDL, DML, Data Types, Constraints and Table Commands (CREATE, ALTER, DROP)
• INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE Commands
• Joins: Cartesian Product, Equi-Join and Natural Join
• LIKE, IS NULL and ORDER BY
• SELECT with WHERE: Operators, Aliases, DISTINCT, IN and BETWEEN

Aggregate functions only; joins limited to cartesian product, equi-join and natural join.

Interface of Python with an SQL Database

• Connecting Python with MySQL
• Insert, Update and Delete with commit()
• fetchone(), fetchall() and rowcount
• Connecting Python to MySQL: connect(), cursor() and execute()
• Fetching Query Results: fetchone(), fetchall() and rowcount
• INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE from Python: commit(), %s and format()